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1 What Should I Know About Drugs? |
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1 | (36) |
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1 | (5) |
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Drugs Are Useful; Poisons Are Harmful |
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2 | (2) |
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An Overview of Different Dosage Forms |
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4 | (1) |
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What Is a Placebo Effect? |
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5 | (1) |
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5 | (1) |
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Do Drugs Work the Same for Everyone? |
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6 | (1) |
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6 | (7) |
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Are Drug Names Just Medical Jargon? |
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7 | (2) |
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9 | (1) |
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Problems Associated with Use of Brand-Names |
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9 | (1) |
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The Difference Between a Brand-Name Drug and a Generic Drug |
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10 | (1) |
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Problems Associated with Use of Generics |
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11 | (1) |
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Problems Associated with Traditional Drug Class Names |
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12 | (1) |
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1.3 How Do Drugs Get to Market? |
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13 | (7) |
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How Did Drug Development Work in the Past? |
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13 | (1) |
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Caution When Buying Drugs Abroad |
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14 | (1) |
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How Does Drug Development Work? |
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15 | (2) |
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Real-World Testing of Drugs |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Getting Information on Drugs |
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19 | (1) |
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1.4 How Do Drugs Work in Your Body? |
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20 | (6) |
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What Is the Basis of Drug Effects? |
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21 | (1) |
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Receptors as Target No. 1 |
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22 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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The Cell Nucleus as Target No. 5 |
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24 | (1) |
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Is It Good or Bad if a Drug Has Only One Target? |
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24 | (1) |
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Is It Good or Bad if a Drug Has Many Targets? |
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25 | (1) |
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How Do Adverse Drug Reactions Occur? |
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25 | (1) |
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1.5 How Do Drugs Travel Through the Body? |
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26 | (11) |
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The Path of a Drug Through the Body |
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28 | (1) |
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Other Forms of Drug Administration |
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29 | (1) |
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Therapeutic Drug Monitoring |
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30 | (1) |
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Risks of Taking Many Drugs (Polypharmacy) |
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30 | (2) |
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Interaction of Foods with Drugs |
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32 | (2) |
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Reduce Drug Doses in Kidney Failure |
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34 | (1) |
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Treating Infants and Young Children |
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35 | (2) |
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2 Painkillers (Analgesics) |
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37 | (22) |
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2.1 Overview and Nonopioid Analgesics |
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37 | (11) |
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How Pain Arises and How It Is Assessed |
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38 | (1) |
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38 | (5) |
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Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs: Risks for the Stomach, Blood Pressure, and Kidney |
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43 | (1) |
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44 | (1) |
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Use of Acetylsalicylic Acid for Pain Is Outdated |
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45 | (1) |
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Paracetamol: Toxic for the Liver |
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45 | (1) |
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Metamizole: Effective but Not Available Everywhere |
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46 | (2) |
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48 | (11) |
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How Do Opioid Analgesics Work? |
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48 | (4) |
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52 | (1) |
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Many Effects of Opioid Analgesics |
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52 | (2) |
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Addiction to Opioid Analgesics |
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54 | (1) |
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Tramadol: Popular and Overrated |
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55 | (1) |
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Buprenorphine: Less Effective Than Morphine |
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56 | (1) |
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Morphine: The Gold Standard |
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56 | (1) |
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Fentanyl: Versatile but Risky |
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56 | (3) |
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3 Drugs for Gastrointestinal Disorders |
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59 | (22) |
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3.1 Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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59 | (9) |
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How Does Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease Develop? |
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60 | (1) |
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Proton Pumps in the Stomach Are the Most Important |
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Target for Treatment of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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61 | (1) |
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What Are the Causes of Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease? |
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62 | (1) |
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What Options Do You Have for Self-Treatment? |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (1) |
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Self-Medication with Proton Pump Inhibitors |
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65 | (1) |
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How Your Doctor Treats Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease |
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65 | (2) |
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What Are the Risks of Taking a Proton Pump Inhibitor for Many Years? |
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67 | (1) |
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When Is Metoclopramide Used? |
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67 | (1) |
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68 | (5) |
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How Does Peptic Ulcer Disease Develop, and How Is It Treated? |
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69 | (1) |
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How Does Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug Treatment Cause Peptic Ulcer Disease? |
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70 | (2) |
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What to Do if You Take Cortisone, Acetylsalicylic Acid, or Clopidogrel |
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72 | (1) |
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3.3 Constipation and Diarrhea |
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73 | (8) |
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How Does Constipation Occur? |
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74 | (1) |
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Why You Should Not Take Laxatives Regularly |
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74 | (3) |
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Which Drugs Can Cause Constipation? |
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77 | (1) |
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Which Laxative Should You Take? |
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78 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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4 Drugs for Respiratory Diseases |
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81 | (20) |
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82 | (13) |
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How Do Allergies and Asthma Develop? |
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82 | (2) |
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From Harmless to Life Threatening |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (5) |
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Drugs for Wheals, Conjunctivitis, and Rhinitis |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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Short-Acting and Long-Acting Beta Receptor Agonists |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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Treatment of Anaphylactic Shock |
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94 | (1) |
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4.2 Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease |
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95 | (6) |
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How Does Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease Develop? |
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95 | (2) |
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Short-Acting Beta Agonists and Long-Acting Muscarinic Antagonists |
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97 | (1) |
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Long-Acting Beta Agonists and Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors |
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98 | (1) |
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Oxygen and Lung Transplantation |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (2) |
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5 Drugs for Cardiovascular Diseases |
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101 | (28) |
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102 | (9) |
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What Is High Blood Pressure? |
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102 | (2) |
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How Do I Know I Have High Blood Pressure? |
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104 | (1) |
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What Are the Consequences of Untreated High Blood Pressure? |
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104 | (1) |
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What Are the Risk Factors for Developing High Blood Pressure? |
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104 | (1) |
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Which Drugs Are Used for High Blood Pressure? |
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105 | (2) |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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109 | (1) |
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How Is High Blood Pressure Treated During Pregnancy? |
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110 | (1) |
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110 | (1) |
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5.2 Heart Attacks and Strokes |
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111 | (11) |
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How Do Heart Attacks and Strokes Occur? |
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112 | (1) |
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113 | (1) |
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How Are Heart Attacks and Strokes Treated? |
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113 | (4) |
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Primary and Secondary Prevention |
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117 | (1) |
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Cholesterol-Lowering Drugs |
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118 | (1) |
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When Statins Aren't Enough |
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119 | (1) |
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Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors |
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119 | (1) |
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120 | (1) |
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Alternatives to Vitamin K Antagonists |
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121 | (1) |
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122 | (1) |
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5.3 Chronic Heart Failure |
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122 | (7) |
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123 | (1) |
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124 | (1) |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Eliminate Causes and Exercise as Best You Can |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (3) |
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6 Drags for Metabolic Disorders |
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129 | (26) |
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130 | (10) |
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How Does Diabetes Develop? |
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130 | (2) |
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132 | (3) |
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Which Adverse Drug Reaction Can Occur with Insulin Treatment? |
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135 | (1) |
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What Do I Need to Consider When Dosing Insulin? |
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136 | (1) |
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How Is Type 2 Diabetes Treated? |
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136 | (1) |
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Metformin, the Gold Standard |
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137 | (1) |
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Gliptins and Incretin Mimetics |
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138 | (1) |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (8) |
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What Is the Task of the Thyroid Gland? |
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140 | (3) |
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How Do I Know I Have Hyperthyroidism? |
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143 | (1) |
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How Is Hyperthyroidism Treated? |
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144 | (1) |
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How Do I Know I Have Hypothyroidism? |
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145 | (1) |
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How Is Hypothyroidism Treated? |
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146 | (1) |
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Misuse of Thyroid Hormones |
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147 | (1) |
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Stay Away from "Natural" Thyroid Hormones |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (7) |
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How Does Osteoporosis Develop? |
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148 | (3) |
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Diseases and Drugs That Can Lead to Osteoporosis |
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151 | (1) |
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What Is the Basic Treatment for Osteoporosis? |
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152 | (1) |
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152 | (1) |
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Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators |
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153 | (1) |
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154 | (1) |
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155 | (14) |
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7.1 Hormone Replacement Therapy |
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155 | (6) |
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The Female Sex Hormones Estrogen and Progesterone |
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156 | (2) |
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What Happens to Hormones During Menopause? |
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158 | (1) |
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How to Treat Menopausal Symptoms |
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159 | (1) |
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Consider Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators, Statins, and Antihypertensives |
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160 | (1) |
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161 | (8) |
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What Makes a Penis Erect? |
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162 | (1) |
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How Does Erectile Dysfunction Occur? |
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163 | (1) |
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Treatment of Erectile Dysfunction with Sildenafil |
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164 | (2) |
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Sexual Activity in Patients with Angina Pectoris |
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166 | (1) |
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Caution with Methylphenidate and Antipsychotics |
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166 | (3) |
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8 Drugs for Neurological Disorders |
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169 | (16) |
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169 | (6) |
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Parkinson's Disease, a Neurodegenerative Disorder |
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170 | (1) |
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How Does Parkinson's Disease Develop? |
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170 | (3) |
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Parkinson's Syndrome Caused by Antipsychotics |
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173 | (1) |
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How Is Parkinson's Disease Treated? |
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173 | (1) |
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Risks of Too Much Dopamine |
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174 | (1) |
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Options When Levodopa Fails |
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174 | (1) |
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Inhibition of Acetylcholine |
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174 | (1) |
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175 | (10) |
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How Do Epilepsies Develop, and How Are They Treated? |
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176 | (4) |
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Mechanisms of Action of Antiepileptic Drugs |
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180 | (1) |
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Rules for Treatment with Antiepileptic Drugs |
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181 | (1) |
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Use of Antiepileptic Drugs in Other Neurological and |
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181 | (1) |
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Carbamazepine, Lamotrigine, Phenytoin, and Valproic Acid |
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182 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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183 | (1) |
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184 | (1) |
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9 Drugs for Mental Disorders |
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185 | (32) |
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9.1 Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder |
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185 | (5) |
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How Does Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Develop? |
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186 | (1) |
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How Can Attention Deficit-Hyperactivity Disorder Be Treated? |
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186 | (3) |
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189 | (1) |
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190 | (11) |
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How Do I Know If I or Someone Else Is Suffering from Depression? |
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191 | (1) |
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How Does Depression Develop? |
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191 | (4) |
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Who Diagnoses and Treats Depression? |
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195 | (1) |
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How Is Depression Treated? |
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195 | (1) |
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195 | (1) |
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Antidepressants Have Many Uses |
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196 | (1) |
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Are Antidepressants Ineffective? |
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196 | (1) |
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Do Antidepressants Cause Addiction? |
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196 | (1) |
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How to Choose an Antidepressant |
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197 | (1) |
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How to Start Treatment for Depression |
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197 | (1) |
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How Is Depression Treated When Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors Do Not Work? |
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198 | (1) |
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What Can Be Done If This Therapy Doesn't Help Either? |
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198 | (1) |
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What to Do If Nonselective Monoamine Reuptake Inhibitors Do Not Help |
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199 | (1) |
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Avoid Chocolate, Cheese, and Red Wine if You Take Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors |
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199 | (1) |
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Other Drugs for Severe Depression |
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200 | (1) |
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Ten Reasons for Taking an Antidepressant for Depression |
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200 | (1) |
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Herbal Remedies for Depression |
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201 | (1) |
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201 | (5) |
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How Does Bipolar Disorder Develop? |
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202 | (1) |
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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder |
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202 | (1) |
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203 | (1) |
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Why Patients Should Take Lithium for Bipolar Disorder |
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204 | (1) |
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Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Lithium |
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204 | (1) |
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205 | (1) |
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Caution with Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and a Low-Sodium Diet |
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205 | (1) |
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Treatment of Bipolar Disorder with Antiepileptic Drugs |
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205 | (1) |
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206 | (11) |
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207 | (1) |
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Crystal Meth and Cannabis as Triggers of Schizophrenia |
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208 | (1) |
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209 | (1) |
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Ten Reasons for Taking Antipsychotics in Schizophrenia |
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209 | (1) |
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Antipsychotics for Emergency and Long-Term Therapy |
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210 | (1) |
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Typical and Atypical Antipsychotics |
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210 | (2) |
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"Antagonists at Many Receptors" Explains Therapeutic Effects and Adverse Drug Reactions |
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212 | (1) |
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Problems in Use of Antipsychotics |
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213 | (1) |
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213 | (1) |
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Other Uses of Antipsychotics |
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214 | (1) |
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Avoid Antipsychotics in Dementia |
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215 | (2) |
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10 Drugs for Eye Diseases |
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217 | (12) |
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217 | (7) |
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218 | (1) |
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How Does Glaucoma Develop? |
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218 | (3) |
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221 | (1) |
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221 | (1) |
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Alternatives to Prostaglandins |
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222 | (1) |
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Which Drugs Can Worsen Glaucoma? |
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223 | (1) |
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What to Do in Acute Glaucoma |
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223 | (1) |
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10.2 Wet Macular Degeneration |
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224 | (5) |
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What Is Macular Degeneration? |
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224 | (1) |
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How Does Wet Macular Degeneration Develop? |
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225 | (1) |
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How Is Wet Macular Degeneration Treated? |
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226 | (1) |
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Adverse Drug Reactions Associated with Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor Inhibitors |
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227 | (1) |
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Bevacizumab as an Alternative to Aflibercept and Bevacizumab |
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227 | (2) |
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11 Drugs for Cancer and for Autoimmune and Infectious Diseases |
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229 | (24) |
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229 | (7) |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Cancer Diagnostics and Treatment |
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231 | (1) |
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232 | (1) |
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Adverse Drug Reactions due to Cytostatics |
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233 | (1) |
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Cytostatics and Childbearing |
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233 | (1) |
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234 | (1) |
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235 | (1) |
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236 | (7) |
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What Are Autoimmune Diseases? |
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237 | (1) |
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Any Organ Can Be Affected |
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237 | (1) |
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T Cells as a Focus of Therapy |
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238 | (1) |
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"Cortisone" and Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs |
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239 | (1) |
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Disease-Modifying Antirheumatic Drugs |
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239 | (1) |
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240 | (1) |
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Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases with Cortisone |
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240 | (1) |
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241 | (1) |
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Risks Associated with Low-Dose Methotrexate |
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242 | (1) |
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Treatment of Autoimmune Diseases with Inhibitors of T Cell Function |
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242 | (1) |
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Specific (and Expensive) Approaches |
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242 | (1) |
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243 | (10) |
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How Do Infectious Diseases Develop? |
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244 | (1) |
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245 | (1) |
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No Therapy Without a Proper Diagnosis |
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245 | (1) |
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Antibiotics: A Misleading Term |
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245 | (1) |
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246 | (1) |
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Antibiotic Treatment and Adverse Drug Reactions |
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246 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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248 | (1) |
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How Are Viral Infectious Diseases Treated? |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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250 | (1) |
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251 | (1) |
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252 | (1) |
| Glossary of Important Pharmacological Terms |
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253 | (14) |
| Further Reading |
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267 | |
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām