Preface and Acknowledgments |
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xv | |
1 Electric Power Systems |
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1 | (29) |
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2 | (4) |
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1.1.1 Transmission Systems |
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4 | (2) |
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1.1.2 Distribution Systems |
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6 | (1) |
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1.2 Traditional Transmission Systems |
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6 | (14) |
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1.2.1 Substation Components |
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8 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Substations and Equipment |
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9 | (8) |
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1.2.3 Gas Insulated Switchgear |
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17 | (1) |
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1.2.4 Power System Operation in Steady-State Conditions |
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18 | (2) |
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1.2.5 Network Dynamic Operation (Transient Condition) |
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20 | (1) |
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1.3 Traditional Distribution Systems |
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20 | (6) |
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1.3.1 Distribution Feeder |
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21 | (3) |
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1.3.2 Residential Electrical Connection |
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24 | (2) |
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1.4 Intelligent Electrical Grids |
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26 | (2) |
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1.4.1 Intelligent High-Voltage Transmission Systems |
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26 | (2) |
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1.4.2 Intelligent Distribution Networks |
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28 | (1) |
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28 | (1) |
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29 | (1) |
2 Electric Generating Stations |
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30 | (59) |
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34 | (15) |
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2.1.1 Fuel Storage and Handling |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (6) |
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41 | (2) |
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2.1.4 Generator and Electrical System |
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43 | (4) |
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47 | (1) |
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2.1.6 Combined Cycle Plants |
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48 | (1) |
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49 | (7) |
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50 | (3) |
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2.2.2 Pressurized Water Reactor |
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53 | (2) |
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2.2.3 Boiling Water Reactor |
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55 | (1) |
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2.3 Hydroelectric Power Plants |
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56 | (7) |
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2.3.1 Low Head Hydroplants |
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59 | (1) |
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2.3.2 Medium- and High-Head Hydroplants |
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60 | (2) |
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2.3.3 Pumped Storage Facility |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (3) |
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66 | (6) |
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66 | (4) |
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2.5.2 Solar Thermal Plants |
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70 | (2) |
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2.6 Geothermal Power Plants |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (3) |
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74 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (1) |
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2.8 Other Generation Schemes |
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76 | (1) |
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2.9 Electricity Generation Economics |
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77 | (4) |
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79 | (1) |
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79 | (1) |
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80 | (1) |
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2.9.4 Overall Generation Costs |
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81 | (1) |
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2.10 Load Characteristics and Forecasting |
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81 | (4) |
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2.11 Environmental Impact |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (3) |
3 Single-Phase Circuits |
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89 | (56) |
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3.1 Circuit Analysis Fundamentals |
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90 | (4) |
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3.1.1 Basic Definitions and Nomenclature |
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90 | (1) |
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3.1.2 Voltage and Current Phasors |
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91 | (1) |
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92 | (2) |
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94 | (2) |
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96 | (13) |
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100 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Parallel Connection |
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100 | (4) |
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104 | (5) |
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109 | (7) |
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111 | (5) |
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116 | (1) |
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3.5 Basic Laws and Circuit Analysis Techniques |
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116 | (12) |
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3.5.1 Kirchhoff's Current Law |
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117 | (6) |
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3.5.2 Kirchhoff's Voltage Law |
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123 | (4) |
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3.5.3 Thevenin's and Norton's Theorems |
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127 | (1) |
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3.6 Applications of Single-Phase Circuit Analysis |
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128 | (12) |
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140 | (1) |
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141 | (1) |
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141 | (4) |
4 Three-Phase Circuits |
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145 | (62) |
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4.1 Three-Phase Quantities |
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146 | (5) |
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4.2 Wye-Connected Generator |
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151 | (4) |
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155 | (7) |
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4.3.1 Balanced Wye Load (Four-Wire System) |
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156 | (2) |
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4.3.2 Unbalanced Wye Load (Four-Wire System) |
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158 | (2) |
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4.3.3 Wye-Connected Three-Wire System |
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160 | (2) |
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4.4 Delta-Connected System |
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162 | (6) |
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4.4.1 Delta-Connected Generator |
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162 | (1) |
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4.4.2 Balanced Delta Load |
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163 | (3) |
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4.4.3 Unbalanced Delta Load |
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166 | (2) |
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168 | (6) |
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4.6 Three-Phase Power Measurement |
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174 | (3) |
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175 | (1) |
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175 | (2) |
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177 | (5) |
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4.8 Symmetrical Components |
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182 | (6) |
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4.8.1 Calculation of Phase Voltages from Sequential Components |
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182 | (1) |
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4.8.2 Calculation of Sequential Components from Phase Voltages |
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183 | (1) |
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4.8.3 Sequential Components of Impedance Loads |
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184 | (4) |
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188 | (15) |
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203 | (1) |
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204 | (3) |
5 Transmission Lines And Cables |
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207 | (106) |
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208 | (7) |
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5.2 Components of the Transmission Lines |
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215 | (8) |
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5.2.1 Towers and Foundations |
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215 | (1) |
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216 | (2) |
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218 | (5) |
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223 | (1) |
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5.4 Transmission Line Electrical Parameters |
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224 | (1) |
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5.5 Magnetic Field Generated by Transmission Lines |
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225 | (14) |
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5.5.1 Magnetic Field Energy Content |
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229 | (1) |
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5.5.2 Single Conductor Generated Magnetic Field |
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230 | (3) |
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5.5.3 Complex Spatial Vector Mathematics |
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233 | (1) |
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5.5.4 Three-Phase Transmission Line-Generated Magnetic Field |
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234 | (5) |
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5.6 Transmission Line Inductance |
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239 | (10) |
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5.6.1 External Magnetic Flux |
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240 | (1) |
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5.6.2 Internal Magnetic Flux |
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241 | (2) |
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5.6.3 Total Conductor Magnetic Flux |
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243 | (1) |
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5.6.4 Three-Phase Line Inductance |
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244 | (5) |
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5.7 Transmission Line Capacitance |
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249 | (24) |
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5.7.1 Electric Field Generation |
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249 | (1) |
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5.7.2 Electrical Field around a Conductor |
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250 | (6) |
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5.7.3 Three-Phase Transmission Line Generated Electric Field |
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256 | (15) |
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5.7.4 Three-Phase Line Capacitance |
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271 | (2) |
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5.8 Transmission Line Networks |
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273 | (9) |
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5.8.1 Equivalent Circuit for a Balanced System |
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273 | (4) |
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5.8.2 Long Transmission Lines |
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277 | (5) |
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5.9 Concept of Transmission Line Protection |
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282 | (7) |
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5.9.1 Transmission Line Faults |
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282 | (3) |
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285 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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5.9.4 Overcurrent Protection |
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285 | (3) |
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5.9.5 Distance Protection |
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288 | (1) |
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5.10 Application Examples |
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289 | (18) |
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289 | (13) |
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5.10.2 PSpice®: Transient Short-Circuit Current in Transmission Lines |
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302 | (2) |
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5.10.3 PSpice: Transmission Line Energization |
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304 | (3) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (5) |
6 Electromechanical Energy Conversion |
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313 | (62) |
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314 | (22) |
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6.1.1 Magnetic Circuit Theory |
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315 | (2) |
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6.1.2 Magnetic Circuit Analysis |
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317 | (6) |
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323 | (1) |
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6.1.4 Magnetization Curve |
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324 | (5) |
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6.1.5 Magnetization Curve Modeling |
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329 | (7) |
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6.2 Magnetic and Electric Field Generated Forces |
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336 | (7) |
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6.2.1 Electric Field-Generated Force |
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336 | (1) |
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6.2.2 Magnetic Field-Generated Force |
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337 | (6) |
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6.3 Electromechanical System |
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343 | (4) |
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344 | (1) |
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345 | (2) |
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6.4 Calculation of Electromagnetic Forces |
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347 | (5) |
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352 | (16) |
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353 | (3) |
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356 | (6) |
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6.5.3 Permanent Magnet Motors and Generators |
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362 | (3) |
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6.5.4 Microelectromechanical Systems |
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365 | (3) |
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368 | (1) |
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368 | (1) |
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369 | (6) |
7 Transformers |
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375 | (81) |
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376 | (5) |
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7.2 Single-Phase Transformers |
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381 | (27) |
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382 | (9) |
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391 | (8) |
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7.2.3 Determination of Equivalent Transformer Circuit Parameters |
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399 | (9) |
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7.3 Three-Phase Transformers |
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408 | (42) |
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410 | (5) |
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7.3.2 Wye-Delta Connection |
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415 | (3) |
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7.3.3 Delta-Wye Connection |
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418 | (2) |
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7.3.4 Delta-Delta Connection |
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420 | (1) |
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420 | (1) |
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7.3.6 Analysis of Three-Phase Transformer Configurations |
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421 | (8) |
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7.3.7 Equivalent Circuit Parameters of a Three-Phase Transformer |
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429 | (3) |
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7.3.8 General Program for Computing Transformer Parameters |
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432 | (3) |
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7.3.9 Application Examples |
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435 | (12) |
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7.3.10 Concept of Transformer Protection |
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447 | (3) |
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450 | (1) |
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451 | (5) |
8 Synchronous Machines |
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456 | (85) |
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456 | (9) |
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8.1.1 Round Rotor Generator |
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457 | (2) |
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8.1.2 Salient Pole Generator |
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459 | (3) |
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462 | (3) |
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465 | (7) |
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465 | (3) |
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468 | (4) |
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8.3 Generator Application |
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472 | (15) |
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472 | (1) |
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8.3.2 Reactive Power Regulation |
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472 | (1) |
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473 | (1) |
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474 | (13) |
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8.4 Induced Voltage and Armature Reactance Calculation |
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487 | (20) |
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8.4.1 Induced Voltage Calculation |
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488 | (8) |
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8.4.2 Armature Reactance Calculation |
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496 | (11) |
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8.5 Concept of Generator Protection |
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507 | (4) |
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511 | (24) |
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535 | (1) |
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536 | (5) |
9 Induction Machines |
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541 | (75) |
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541 | (2) |
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543 | (4) |
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543 | (3) |
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546 | (1) |
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9.3 Three-Phase Induction Motor |
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547 | (44) |
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9.3.1 Operating Principle |
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547 | (6) |
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553 | (3) |
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556 | (1) |
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9.3.4 Motor Maximum Output |
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557 | (3) |
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9.3.5 Performance Analyses |
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560 | (10) |
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9.3.6 Determination of Motor Parameters by Measurement |
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570 | (21) |
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9.4 Single-Phase Induction Motor |
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591 | (12) |
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9.4.1 Operating Principle |
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592 | (3) |
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9.4.2 Single-Phase Induction Motor Performance Analysis |
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595 | (8) |
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603 | (5) |
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9.5.1 Induction Generator Analysis |
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603 | (3) |
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9.5.2 Doubly Fed Induction Generator |
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606 | (2) |
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9.6 Concept of Motor Protection |
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608 | (2) |
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610 | (1) |
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611 | (5) |
10 DC Machines |
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616 | (57) |
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616 | (4) |
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620 | (9) |
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620 | (3) |
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623 | (2) |
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10.2.3 Equivalent Circuit |
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625 | (3) |
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10.2.4 Excitation Methods |
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628 | (1) |
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629 | (23) |
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10.3.1 Separately Excited Machine |
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630 | (7) |
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637 | (8) |
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645 | (6) |
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651 | (1) |
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10.4 Application Examples |
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652 | (17) |
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669 | (1) |
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669 | (4) |
11 Introduction To Power Electronics And Motor Control |
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673 | (104) |
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11.1 Concept of DC Motor Control |
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674 | (4) |
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11.2 Concept of AC Induction Motor Control |
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678 | (7) |
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11.3 Semiconductor Switches |
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685 | (12) |
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685 | (2) |
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687 | (5) |
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11.3.3 Gate Turn-Off Thyristor |
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692 | (1) |
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11.3.4 Metal-Oxide-Semiconductor Field-Effect Transistor |
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693 | (2) |
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11.3.5 Insulated Gate Bipolar Transistor |
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695 | (1) |
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696 | (1) |
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697 | (32) |
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11.4.1 Simple Passive Diode Rectifiers |
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697 | (12) |
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11.4.2 Single-Phase Controllable Rectifiers |
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709 | (17) |
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11.4.3 Firing and Snubber Circuits |
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726 | (2) |
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11.4.4 Three-Phase Rectifiers |
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728 | (1) |
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729 | (10) |
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11.5.1 Voltage Source Inverter with Pulse Width Modulation |
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732 | (3) |
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11.5.2 Line-Commutated Thyristor-Controlled Inverter |
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735 | (3) |
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11.5.3 High-Voltage DC Transmission |
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738 | (1) |
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11.6 Flexible AC Transmission |
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739 | (8) |
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11.6.1 Static VAR Compensator |
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740 | (4) |
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11.6.2 Static Synchronous Compensator |
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744 | (1) |
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11.6.3 Thyristor-Controlled Series Capacitor |
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744 | (3) |
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11.6.4 Unified Power Controller |
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747 | (1) |
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747 | (10) |
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748 | (6) |
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754 | (3) |
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11.8 Application Examples |
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757 | (16) |
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773 | (1) |
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774 | (3) |
Appendix A Introduction to Mathcad® |
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777 | (17) |
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A.1 Worksheet and Toolbars |
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777 | (6) |
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780 | (1) |
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780 | (3) |
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783 | (5) |
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A.2.1 Repetitive Calculations |
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784 | (1) |
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A.2.2 Defining a Function |
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785 | (1) |
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A.2.3 Plotting a Function |
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786 | (2) |
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A.2.4 Minimum and Maximum Function Values |
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788 | (1) |
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788 | (2) |
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A.3.1 Root Equation Solver |
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789 | (1) |
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A.3.2 Find Equation Solver |
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789 | (1) |
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790 | (4) |
Appendix B Introduction to MATLAB® |
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794 | (11) |
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794 | (2) |
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B.2 Operators, Variables, and Functions |
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796 | (1) |
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797 | (2) |
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799 | (1) |
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B.5 Repeated Evaluation of an Equation |
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799 | (1) |
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800 | (3) |
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803 | (2) |
Appendix C Fundamental Units and Constants |
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805 | (5) |
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805 | (4) |
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C.2 Fundamental Physical Constants |
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809 | (1) |
Appendix D Introduction to PSpice® |
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810 | (5) |
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D.1 Obtaining and Installing PSpice |
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810 | (1) |
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811 | (4) |
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811 | (1) |
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D.2.2 Simulating a Circuit |
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812 | (1) |
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D.2.3 Analyzing Simulation Results |
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813 | (2) |
Problem Solution Key |
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815 | (7) |
Bibliography |
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822 | (2) |
Index |
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824 | |