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E-grāmata: Energy Communities: Customer-Centered, Market-Driven, Welfare-Enhancing?

Edited by (Professor for Energy Economics and Business Administration, Reutlingen Energy Center, Reutlingen, Germany), Edited by (Senior Research Fellow, Oxford Institute for Energy Studies, Madr), Edited by (President, Menlo Energy Economics, San Francisco, CA, USA)
  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Jul-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323911399
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  • Formāts: PDF+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 01-Jul-2022
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780323911399

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Energy Communities explores core potential systemic benefits and costs in engaging consumers into communities, particularly relating to energy transition. The book evaluates the conditions under which energy communities might be regarded as customer-centered, market-driven and welfare-enhancing. The book also reviews the issue of prevalence and sustainability of energy communities and whether these features are likely to change as opportunities for distributed energy grow. Sections cover the identification of welfare considerations for citizens and for society on a local and national level, and from social, economic and ecological perspectives, while also considering different community designs and evolving business models.
  • Defines and conceptualizes the energy community for the current generation of researchers and practitioners facing the energy transition
  • Explores the main benefits and challenges in forming energy communities and to what extent they are welfare-enhancing
  • Examines under what terms, conditions, regulations or policies energy communities can be beneficially and successfully organized and why
  • Reviews the combination of business models and forms of organization which are conducive to economic feasibility and the commercial success of energy communities
Author biographies xiii
Foreword xxxi
Introduction xxxiii
Part One The concept of energy communities and their regulatory framework 1(150)
1 A taxonomy of energy communities in liberalized energy systems
3(22)
Nicolb Rossetto
Stefano F. Verde
Thomas Bauwens
1 Introduction
3(1)
2 A heterogeneous set of collective actors
4(2)
3 A taxonomy to inform policy and regulatory debates
6(1)
4 Well-established energy communities
7(7)
5 New kids on the block
14(7)
6 Conclusions
21(1)
Acknowledgment
22(1)
Bibliography
22(3)
2 The EU policy framework for energy communities
25(18)
Deyana Spasova
Sibylle Braungardt
1 Introduction
25(2)
2 RECs versus CECs
27(5)
3 Other relevant policy developments
32(1)
4 Energy communities in European Member States
33(6)
5 Conclusions
39(1)
Bibliography
40(2)
Further reading
42(1)
3 Energy communities: a U.S. regulatory perspective
43(16)
R. Bruce Williamson
1 Introduction
43(2)
2 The regulator, the legislator, and the North American regulatory policy framework
45(3)
3 Evaluating EC entry in already served markets
48(4)
4 Can ECs be "market driven" and "welfare enhancing"?
52(2)
5 Conclusions
54(2)
Bibliography
56(3)
4 Developing a legal framework for energy communities beyond energy law
59(14)
Job Swens
Lea Diestelmeier
1 Introduction
59(2)
2 EU law on the purpose of energy communities
61(1)
3 The energy community "Schoonschip" in Amsterdam
61(3)
4 In search of novel legislation for energy communities
64(4)
5 The way forward: transposing EU law on energy communities in the Netherlands
68(2)
6 Conclusion
70(1)
References
71(2)
5 Alignment of energy community incentives with electricity system benefits in Spain
73(22)
David Robinson
Yugo del Guayo
1 Introduction
73(1)
2 Analytical framework
74(1)
3 Current legislation
75(6)
4 Factors potentially favoring alignment
81(6)
5 Factors that potentially do not favor alignment
87(4)
6 Assessment and recommendations
91(2)
Bibliography
93(2)
6 The "virtual" model for collective self-consumption in Italy
95(12)
Luca Lo Schiavo
Andrea Galliani
Arianna Rossi
1 Introduction
95(1)
2 Legislative and regulatory framework
96(3)
3 The Italian pilot regulation for collective self-consumption
99(4)
4 Conclusions
103(1)
Annex A
104(2)
Bibliography
106(1)
7 Energy communities: a North American perspective
107(24)
Mark Kolesar
1 Introduction
107(2)
2 What is an energy community?
109(1)
3 Energy communities in North America
109(12)
4 The North American policy landscape
121(5)
5 Conclusions
126(1)
Bibliography
127(1)
Further reading
128(3)
8 Energy communities: challenges for regulators and policymakers
131(20)
Darryl Biggar
Mohammad Reza Hesamzadeh
1 Introduction
131(2)
2 Preliminaries
133(7)
3 Regulatory challenges arising from energy communities
140(5)
4 Conclusions
145(2)
Appendix
147(2)
References
149(2)
Part Two The appeal of energy communities to customers and citizens 151(58)
9 What motivates private households to participate in energy communities? A literature review and German case study
153(14)
Andre Hackbarth
Sabine Lobbe
1 Introduction
153(1)
2 Preferences for energy communities identified in the scientific literature
154(2)
3 Preferences for energy communities identified in a German case study
156(5)
4 Motivations to participate in energy communities
161(2)
5 Conclusions
163(2)
References
165(2)
10 Community energy initiatives as a space for emerging imaginaries? Experiences from Switzerland
167(16)
Benjamin Schmid
Monica Serlavos
Leon Francis Hirt
1 Introduction
167(1)
2 The Swiss context
168(2)
3 Applying the concept of sociotechnical imaginary to Swiss community energy initiatives
170(2)
4 Evidence of emerging sociotechnical imaginaries
172(5)
5 Reflecting on community energy from a sociotechnical imaginaries perspective
177(2)
6 Conclusions
179(1)
Bibliography
179(4)
11 The construction of a citizen-centered ecosystem for renewable energies in France
183(12)
Pascale Chateau Terrisse
Hajar El Karmouni
Marion Maignan
1 Introduction
183(2)
2 Background to Enercoop and Enercoop Languedoc Roussillon
185(1)
3 The Enercoop Languedoc Roussillon ecosystem: linking and empowering energy communities based on citizens' collectives
186(2)
4 The main organizing alternative characteristics of the ELR ecosystem
188(2)
5 Recommendations for building an alternative renewable energy ecosystem
190(2)
6 Conclusion: the appeal of energy communities to citizens
192(1)
Bibliography
193(2)
12 Energy communities' social role in a just energy transition
195(14)
Florian Hanke
Rachel Guyet
Marielie Feenstra
1 Introduction
195(1)
2 Toward democratizing energy-energy communities' social role
196(2)
3 The energy justice framework
198(4)
4 Toward energy justice in energy communities
202(3)
5 Conclusion
205(1)
Bibliography
206(3)
Part Three Enabling technologies, community design, and business models 209(130)
13 The digitalization of peer-to-peer electricity trading in energy communities
211(18)
Emilio Ghiani
Mario Mureddu
Marco Galici
Matteo Troncia
Fabrizio Pilo
1 Introduction
211(2)
2 Digital enablers for energy communities
213(4)
3 Distributed ledger technologies in P2P energy markets
217(3)
4 Local energy markets for energy communities
220(1)
5 LEC case study
220(3)
6 Conclusions
223(1)
Acknowledgments
224(1)
References
224(3)
Further reading
227(2)
14 Enabling business models and grid stability: case studies from Germany
229(16)
Simon Koppl
Elisabeth Springmann
Vincenz Regener
Andreas Weigand
1 Introduction
229(2)
2 Levels of coordination within distributed energy systems: basis for energy communities?
231(5)
3 The big picture: how different coordination entities interact with each other
236(4)
4 Pros and cons of a "federated" system architecture
240(1)
5 Conclusion
241(1)
References
242(3)
15 The path to energy communities via local energy management and digital customer care
245(16)
Tina Hadler
1 Introduction
245(1)
2 Roles and archetypes in energy communities
246(5)
3 Implementation of energy communities
251(5)
4 Case study of energy communities
256(2)
5 Conclusion
258(1)
References
259(2)
16 Governing energy communities: the role of actors and expertise in business model innovation
261(16)
Jake Barnes
Paula Hansen
1 Introduction
261(1)
2 Business models and energy communities
262(3)
3 "Do it yourself" energy communities
265(2)
4 "Form an alliance" energy communities
267(2)
5 "Someone else does it for you" energy communities
269(3)
6 Conclusions
272(1)
Acknowledgments
273(1)
References
273(4)
17 Grid-friendly clean energy communities and induced intracommunity cash flows through peer-to-peer trading
277(26)
Reinhard Madlener
Robert Crump
1 Introduction
277(2)
2 Methodology
279(5)
3 Scenarios considered
284(2)
4 Results
286(10)
5 Sensitivity analysis
296(1)
6 Conclusions
297(1)
References
298(3)
Further reading
301(2)
18 Italian energy communities from a DSO's perspective
303(14)
Anita Del Pizzo
Giuseppe Montesano
Carlo Papa
Marina Artipoli
Mariangela Di Napoli
1 Introduction
303(1)
2 Power distribution networks and DSOs in Italy
304(1)
3 Role of DSOs
305(6)
4 What incentives?
311(2)
5 The territorial extension of energy communities
313(3)
6 Conclusions
316(1)
Bibliography
316(1)
Further reading
316(1)
19 Community energy design models in Brazil: from niches to mainstream
317(22)
Richard L. Hochstetler
Paulo H.S. Born
1 Introduction
317(1)
2 Energy community initiatives in Brazil
318(4)
3 Brazil's net metering program
322(10)
4 The future of energy communities in Brazil and their impact on social welfare
332(3)
5 Conclusions
335(1)
References
336(1)
Further reading
337(2)
Part Four Case studies and implementation 339(110)
20 Institutional and policy context of energy communities in France and Italy: how to increase the welfare-enhancing capacity of the sector
341(22)
Maksym Koltunov
Valentina-Miriam Cittati
Adriano Bisello
1 Introduction
341(1)
2 The energy communities' movements in France and Italy
342(10)
3 The case studies: ECs from France and Italy
352(5)
4 How to increase the welfare-enhancing capacity of ECs
357(2)
Bibliography
359(4)
21 Energy communities in Europe: a review of the Danish and German experiences
363(22)
Simona Benedettini
Carlo Stagnaro
1 Introduction
363(1)
2 The analytical framework
364(2)
3 Energy communities in Denmark
366(6)
4 Energy communities in Germany
372(8)
5 Conclusions
380(2)
References
382(3)
22 Platform-based energy communities in Germany and their benefits and challenges
385(14)
Christian Chudoba
Tereza Borges
1 Introduction
385(1)
2 The historical development of energy communities in Germany
386(3)
3 Defining energy service providers
389(2)
4 The power of digital platforms
391(1)
5 The opportunities and threats for energy service providers
392(4)
6 Conclusion
396(1)
Bibliography
397(2)
23 A community-based biomethane heat network: case study from Trier
399(20)
Christoph Menke
Achim Hill
Matthias Gebauer
Rudi Scholler
Daniel Gregetz
David Lellinger
1 Introduction
399(2)
2 How the idea got started
401(1)
3 Biomethane from biogas units for the CHP units
402(1)
4 Local heat network in downtown Trier
403(7)
5 Dynamic scenario simulator for interactive participation of residents
410(5)
6 Participation process for residents and stakeholders for building up an energy community
415(1)
7 Conclusions
416(1)
References
417(2)
24 Establishing energy communities in postcommunist states: the case of Bulgaria
419(16)
Toby D. Couture
Teodora Stoyanova
1 Introduction
419(1)
2 Overview of the electricity sector in Bulgaria
420(4)
3 A brief history of the cooperative movement in Bulgaria
424(3)
4 Establishing energy communities in Bulgaria
427(4)
5 Conclusion
431(1)
References
432(1)
Further reading
433(2)
25 Sustainable island energy systems: a case study of Tilos Island, Greece
435(14)
Xin Li
1 Introduction
435(1)
2 The TILOS project-a brief description
436(3)
3 Technology solutions in the TILOS project
439(1)
4 Local citizen engagement
440(3)
5 Summary of results and extended work beyond the TILOS project
443(3)
6 Conclusions
446(1)
Bibliography
446(3)
Epilogue 449(2)
Index 451
Sabine Löbbe is a professor for energy economics and business administration in energy markets in the Reutlingen Energy Center for Distributed Energy Systems and Energy Efficiency at Reutlingen University, Germany. She is responsible for Sustainability in the Presidents Office at the University. Her consulting company advises utilities on strategy, business and organizational development. Prior to her current position, she was Director for Strategy and Business Development at the municipal utility swb AG Bremen. She also worked at Arthur D. Little Inc. in the Energy Practice and in the regional utility VSE AG. She wrote her doctoral dissertation about marketing strategies for utilities at Saarbrücken University. In her research and teaching, she focuses on the transition of organisations towards climate neutrality, business model development based on customer preferences regarding distributed energy, as well as organisational issues for bridging the energy efficiency gap. Dr. Fereidoon Sioshansi is President of Menlo Energy Economics, a consulting firm based in San Francisco with over 35 years of experience in the electric power sector working in analysis of energy markets, specializing in the policy, regulatory, technical and environmental aspects of the electric power sector in the US and internationally. His research and professional interests are concentrated in demand and price forecasting, electricity market design, competitive pricing & bidding, integrated resource planning, energy conservation and energy efficiency, economics of global climate change, sustainability, energy security, renewable energy technologies, and comparative performance of competitive electricity markets. Dr. Sioshansi advises major utility clients and government policy makers domestically and internationally on electricity market reform, restructuring and privatization of the electric power sector. He has published numerous reports, books, book chapters and papers in peer-reviewed journals on a wide range of subjects. His professional background includes working at Southern California Edison Co. (SCE), Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI), NERA, and Global Energy Decisions. He is the editor and publisher of EEnergy Informer, a monthly newsletter with international circulation. He is on the Editorial Advisory Board of The Electricity Journal where he is regularly featured in the Electricity Currents” section. Dr. Sioshansi also serves on the editorial board of Utilities Policy and is a frequent contributor to Energy Policy. Since 2006, He has edited 12 books on related topics with Elsevier. David Robinson is a consulting economist and Senior Research Fellow at the Oxford Institute for Energy Studies. He is an academic adviser to The Brattle Group of Economic and Financial Consultants and was previously a director of NERA, where he was the co-chair of European Operations and one of the Directors of the Global Energy and Telecom Practices. He also worked at the International Energy Agency (IEA) and wrote his doctoral dissertation at the University of Oxford on the vertical disintegration of the international petroleum industry.