Preface |
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ix | |
Acknowledgments |
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xi | |
Advances in Drying Science and Technology |
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xiii | |
Authors |
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xv | |
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Chapter 1 Principles and Mechanism of Flame Spray Drying |
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1 | (68) |
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1.1 Principles of Flame Spray Drying Process |
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1 | (1) |
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1.2 Technical Requirements in Flame Drying |
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2 | (9) |
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1.2.1 Construction Materials |
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2 | (3) |
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1.2.2 Temperature Control in Flame Drying |
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5 | (1) |
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1.2.2.1 Invasive Techniques of Temperature Measurements in Flame |
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6 | (2) |
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1.2.2.2 Noninvasive Techniques of Temperature Measurements in Flame |
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8 | (1) |
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1.2.3 Flame Stabilization |
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8 | (1) |
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1.2.3.1 Flame Stabilization Problems |
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9 | (1) |
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1.2.3.2 Passive and Active Flame Stabilization Techniques |
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9 | (2) |
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11 | (8) |
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1.4 Flame Spray Drying Experiments |
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19 | (2) |
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1.5 Droplets and Particles Fluid Dynamics |
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21 | (14) |
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1.5.1 Initial Particle Size and Velocity Distribution |
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21 | (6) |
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1.5.2 Particles and Droplets Flow Pattern |
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27 | (8) |
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35 | (9) |
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1.7 Mathematical Modeling of FSD Process |
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44 | (15) |
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1.7.1 Modeling of Continuous Phase |
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44 | (1) |
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1.7.1.1 Conservation Equations |
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44 | (1) |
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45 | (1) |
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1.7.1.3 Implementation of the Combustion Model |
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46 | (1) |
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1.7.1.4 Rate of Chemical Reaction |
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47 | (1) |
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1.7.1.5 Thermal Radiation Model |
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48 | (1) |
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1.7.2 Discrete-Phase Modeling |
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49 | (1) |
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1.7.2.1 Liquid Evaporation Model |
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49 | (1) |
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1.7.3 Computational Mesh and Initial PSD |
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50 | (3) |
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1.7.4 Results of FSD Simulations |
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53 | (1) |
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1.7.4.1 Air Temperature Distribution |
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53 | (2) |
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1.7.4.2 Combustion Process |
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55 | (2) |
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1.7.4.3 Particle Drying Time |
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57 | (2) |
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1.8 Scale-Up Rules and Procedure |
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59 | (1) |
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60 | (9) |
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60 | (2) |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (1) |
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63 | (6) |
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Chapter 2 Applications of Flame Spray Drying |
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69 | (18) |
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2.1 Application of Flame Spray Drying and Dried Powder Properties |
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69 | (1) |
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69 | (1) |
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2.2.1 Particle Morphology |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (12) |
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2.3.1 PSD in the Dried Powder |
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71 | (2) |
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2.3.2 Particles Morphology |
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73 | (5) |
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2.3.3 Bulk and Apparent Density, Moisture and Fuel Content, Color Index, and HMF Content |
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78 | (4) |
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82 | (1) |
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2.5 Summary and Strategies to Control the Product Quality |
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83 | (4) |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (2) |
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Chapter 3 Flame in Drying and Particle Synthesis Techniques |
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87 | (36) |
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3.1 Flame Drying of Textile |
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87 | (4) |
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3.2 Pulse Combustion Drying |
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91 | (6) |
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3.2.1 The Principle of Pulse Combustion |
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91 | (1) |
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3.2.2 Advantages and Disadvantages of Pulse Combustion Drying |
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91 | (2) |
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3.2.3 Application of Pulse Combustion Drying |
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93 | (4) |
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3.3 Flame Spray Pyrolysis |
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97 | (26) |
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3.3.1 History of Flame Spray Pyrolysis |
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97 | (1) |
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3.3.2 Principle, Equipment, and Scale-Up of Flame Spray Pyrolysis |
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98 | (3) |
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3.3.3 Advantages and Disadvantages of FSP |
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101 | (1) |
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3.3.4 Mechanism of Flame Spray Pyrolysis |
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101 | (1) |
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3.3.5 Applications of Flame Spray Pyrolysis |
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102 | (1) |
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3.3.5.1 Application of FSP for Catalysts Fabrication |
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102 | (2) |
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3.3.5.2 Application of FSP for Sensors Fabrication |
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104 | (4) |
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3.3.5.3 Application of FSP for Electrode Material Fabrication |
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108 | (3) |
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3.3.5.4 Application of FSP for Optical Materials Fabrication |
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111 | (2) |
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3.3.5.5 Application of FSP for Medical Materials Fabrication |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (6) |
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Chapter 4 Safety, Energy, Environmental Issues, and Perspectives of FSD Technique Development |
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123 | (14) |
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4.1 Safety Operation during FSD |
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123 | (3) |
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126 | (3) |
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4.3 Environmental Protection |
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129 | (2) |
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4.4 Advantages and Disadvantages, Perspectives, and Further Development of Flame Spray Drying Technique |
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131 | (6) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (1) |
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133 | (4) |
Index |
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137 | |