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E-grāmata: Green Networking

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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 13-Dec-2012
  • Izdevniecība: ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118580899
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Green NetworkingPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 13-Dec-2012
  • Izdevniecība: ISTE Ltd and John Wiley & Sons Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781118580899
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In most discussions of climate change, information and communication technology only comes up as an alternative to commuting, but here specialists in the field focus on the carbon dioxide emissions and the very high energy consumption of the technology, and suggest ways to reduce them. The topics include the environmental impact of networking infrastructures, a step towards green mobile networks, cognitive radio in the service of green communication and networking, schemes for putting base stations in sleep mode in mobile networks, and smarter cities. Annotation ©2012 Book News, Inc., Portland, OR (booknews.com)

This book focuses on green networking, which is an important topic for the scientific community composed of engineers, academics, researchers and industrialists working in the networking field. Reducing the environmental impact of the communications infrastructure has become essential with the ever increasing cost of energy and the need for reducing global CO2 emissions to protect our environment.
Recent advances and future directions in green networking are presented in this book, including energy efficient networks (wired networks, wireless networks, mobile networks), adaptive networks (cognitive radio networks, green autonomic networking), green terminals, and industrial research into green networking (smart city, etc.).

Introduction xi
Chapter 1 Environmental Impact of Networking Infrastructures
1(16)
Laurent Lefevre
Jean-Marc Pierson
1.1 Introduction
1(4)
1.2 Some definitions and metrics
5(2)
1.3 State of the sites of consumption of the networks: the case of wired networks
7(4)
1.4 Academic and industrial initiatives
11(2)
1.5 Perspectives and reflections on the future
13(1)
1.6 Bibliography
13(4)
Part 1 A Step Towards Energy-Efficient Networks
17(98)
Chapter 2 A Step Towards Energy-efficient Wired Networks
19(40)
Aruna Prem Bianzino
Claude Chaudet
Dario Rossi
Jean-Louis Rougier
2.1 Introduction
19(3)
2.2 Models of energy consumption
22(5)
2.3 Energy-saving strategies
27(10)
2.3.1 Transport applications and protocols
27(4)
2.3.2 Communications links
31(6)
2.4 The problem of energy-efficient routing
37(14)
2.4.1 Model of energy consumption
37(2)
2.4.2 Formulation of the problem
39(2)
2.4.3 Experimental results
41(10)
2.5 Conclusion
51(1)
2.6 Bibliography
52(7)
Chapter 3 A Step Towards Green Mobile Networks
59(28)
Sami Tabbane
3.1 Introduction
59(4)
3.1.1 Decreasing power: an imperative in a cellular radio network
60(1)
3.1.2 Definition of and need for green cellular
60(3)
3.2 Processes and protocols for green networks
63(8)
3.2.1 Technologies on the radio interface
64(2)
3.2.2 Adaptation of network activity to traffic
66(1)
3.2.3 Traffic aggregation based on the delay
67(1)
3.2.4 Store, carry and forward relaying
68(1)
3.2.5 Combination of MS and BTS
68(1)
3.2.6 Handover for optimization of the energy used
69(1)
3.2.7 Cooperation between base transceiver stations
70(1)
3.2.8 Increasing the capacity of the RAN and network core nodes
70(1)
3.3 Architecture and engineering of green networks
71(8)
3.3.1 Relaying and multi-hopping
71(2)
3.3.2 Self-organizing networks (SONs)
73(1)
3.3.3 Planning
74(1)
3.3.4 Microcells and multi-RAT networks
75(2)
3.3.5 A step towards all-IP and flat architecture
77(1)
3.3.6 Reducing the number of sites by using smart antennas
77(1)
3.3.7 Cooperation between BTSs
78(1)
3.4 Components and structures for green networks
79(4)
3.4.1 Power-efficient amplifiers
80(1)
3.4.2 Elimination of feeders, use of fiber optics
81(1)
3.4.3 Solar and wind power
81(1)
3.4.4 Twin TRX
82(1)
3.4.5 Cooling
82(1)
3.5 Conclusion
83(1)
3.6 Bibliography
83(4)
Chapter 4 Green Telecommunications Networks
87(28)
Guy Pujolle
4.1 Introduction
87(2)
4.2 Data centers
89(3)
4.3 Wireless telecommunications networks
92(7)
4.4 Terrestrial telecommunications networks
99(6)
4.5 Low-cost and energy-efficient networks
105(4)
4.6 The role of virtualization in "green" techniques
109(3)
4.7 Conclusion
112(1)
4.8 Bibliography
113(2)
Part 2 A Step Towards Smart Green Networks and Sustainable Terminals
115(100)
Chapter 5 Cognitive Radio in the Service of Green Communication and Networking
117(24)
Hicham Khalife
5.1 Introduction
117(3)
5.2 Cognitive radio: concept and standards
120(4)
5.2.1 Attempts at standardization
121(1)
5.2.2 Research projects and initiatives
122(2)
5.3 Various definitions of green in cognitive radio
124(2)
5.3.1 Reducing the pollution of the radio spectrum
125(1)
5.3.2 Reducing the exposure of individuals
126(1)
5.3.3 Reducing the consumption of the equipment
126(1)
5.4 Clean solutions offered by cognitive radio
126(9)
5.4.1 Solutions for the spectrum and health
127(1)
5.4.2 Actions at the level of equipment/infrastructure
127(2)
5.4.3 Optimizing the communication parameters
129(3)
5.4.4 Avenues for research and visions for the future
132(3)
5.5 Use case: "Smart buildings"
135(3)
5.6 Conclusion
138(1)
5.7 Bibliography
138(3)
Chapter 6 Autonomic Green Networks
141(36)
Francine Krief
Maissa Mbaye
Martin Peres
6.1 Introduction
141(1)
6.2 Autonomic networks
142(2)
6.3 Self-configuring
144(1)
6.3.1 Importance of self-configuring for green networks
145(1)
6.4 Self-optimizing
145(7)
6.4.1 Self-optimizing for green networks
147(5)
6.5 Self-protecting
152(13)
6.5.1 Protection of the executive support
154(4)
6.5.2 Protection of the energy source
158(4)
6.5.3 Protection of communications
162(3)
6.6 Self-healing
165(5)
6.6.1 Application to wireless sensor networks
167(3)
6.6.2 Application to smart grids
170(1)
6.7 Conclusion
170(1)
6.8 Bibliography
171(6)
Chapter 7 Reconfigurable Green Terminals: a Step Towards Sustainable Electronics
177(38)
Lilian Bossuet
7.1 Sustainable electronics?
177(4)
7.2 Environmental impact of electronic products during their lifecycle
181(12)
7.2.1 Lifecycle of electronic products
181(2)
7.2.2 Microelectronic manufacture
183(8)
7.2.3 Usage of electronic products
191(1)
7.2.4 Electronic waste products
192(1)
7.3 Reduce, reuse, recycle and reconfigure
193(11)
7.3.1 Reduce, reuse, recycle
193(3)
7.3.2 Reconfiguring with the help of FPGAs
196(8)
7.4 Examples of reconfigurable terminals
204(4)
7.5 Conclusion
208(1)
7.6 Bibliography
209(6)
Part 3 Research Projects on Green Networking Conducted by Industrial Actors
215(56)
Chapter 8 Schemes for Putting Base Stations in Sleep Mode in Mobile Networks: Presentation and Evaluation
217(16)
Louai Saker
Salah Eddine Elayoubi
Tijani Chahed
8.1 Motivation
217(1)
8.2 Putting macro base transceiver stations in sleep mode
218(7)
8.2.1 Structure of the base transceiver station
218(1)
8.2.2 Model of energy consumption of the BTS
219(1)
8.2.3 Principle of putting BTSs in sleep mode
220(1)
8.2.4 Illustration of sleep mode. Case of multisystem 2G/3G networks
221(2)
8.2.5 Implementation of sleep mode
223(2)
8.3 Sleep mode in small-cell heterogeneous networks
225(6)
8.3.1 Energy efficiency of small cells
227(2)
8.3.2 Putting small cells in sleep mode
229(2)
8.4 Conclusion and considerations on implementation
231(1)
8.5 Bibliography
232(1)
Chapter 9 Industrial Application of Green Networking: Smarter Cities
233(38)
Vincent Gay
Paolo Medagliani
Florian Broekaert
Jeremie Leguay
Mario Lopez Ramos
9.1 Introduction
233(1)
9.2 Smart cities and green networking
234(3)
9.3 Techniques involved
237(29)
9.3.1 Low-consumption communication protocols
237(5)
9.3.2 Assistance in the deployment of sensor networks
242(7)
9.3.3 Low-consumption processor treatments
249(9)
9.3.4 System integration of heterogeneous sensors
258(8)
9.4 Conclusion
266(1)
9.5 Bibliography
267(4)
List of Authors 271(4)
Index 275
Francine Krief,?Professor, General Deputy Director of Bordeaux Institute of Technology, France Francine Krief is Deputy Director General in charge of Research at IPB (Institut Polytechnique de Bordeaux). She is a Professor at CNRS LaBRI Laboratory, UMR 5800. Francine Krief obtained the HDR degree (Habilitation ą Diriger des Recherches) at University of Paris 6 on context-aware management, in December 2003. Her main research activities concern self-management for wired and wireless networks, end-to-end signaling protocols and wireless sensors networks. Her work on network management has led to many publications in journals and conferences.
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