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E-grāmata: Human Fatigue Risk Management: Improving Safety in the Chemical Processing Industry

(Ph.D., P.E., Engineering Management & Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA), (Ph.D., Assistant Professor, Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology, Rolla, MO, USA)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jun-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128026649
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Human Fatigue Risk Management: Improving Safety in the Chemical Processing IndustryPalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jun-2016
  • Izdevniecība: Academic Press Inc
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780128026649
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Human Fatigue Risk Management: Improving Safety in the Chemical Processing Industry will teach you everything you need to know about mitigating the risk of fatigued workers in a plant or refinery. Human fatigue has been directly linked to several major disasters, prompting the API RP 755 guidelines to be released.

This book will help users follow API RP 755 and/or implement a fatigue risk management system in their organization. Susan Murray, a recognized expert in the field of sleep deprivation as related to high hazard industries, has written this book to be useful for HSE managers, plant and project managers, occupational safety professionals, and engineers/managers in the chemical processing industry.

As scheduling of shifts is an important factor in reducing fatigue and therefore accident rates, this book will help users prove the benefits of more frequent staff rotation and implement an ideal scheduling plan. It goes beyond API RP 755, offering more detail and better understanding of why certain measures for managing fatigue are beneficial to a company. This book provides examples of how the theory can be put into practice, and is a simple, digestible book for managers who are keen to address human factor issues at their workplace and raise safety standards.

  • Covers sleep, sleep disorders and the consequences of fatigue as related to high-hazard industries
  • Helps improve safety standards at the plant level
  • Provides information on complying with API RP 755 and related OSHA 29CFR1910 articles
  • Relates fatigue and human performance to accidents, helping you make a case for implementing a human fatigue risk management policy; which in turn will prevent loss of property and life

Recenzijas

"This book is a must read for process safety and risk management professionals, human factors specialists, managers, and leaders who want to understand the underlying issues related to human fatigue risk management and effective approaches to dealing with these issues." --M. Sam Mannan, Regents Professor and Executive Director, Mary Kay OConnor Process Safety Center, Texas A&M University

Papildus informācija

Including valuable examples that show how to put theory into practice, this comprehensive book addresses human fatigue in the chemical processing industry and gives users everything they need to know to mitigate risk through a thorough accounting of the API RP 755 guidelines created to reduce fatigue-related incidents
About the Authors xi
Acknowledgments xiii
Chapter 1 The Consequences of Fatigue in the Process Industries 1(6)
1.1 BP Texas City
1(1)
1.2 Human Factors and the BP Texas City Accident
2(1)
1.3 A "Wake-up" Call for the Processing Industry
3(2)
References
5(2)
Chapter 2 Basics of Sleep Biology 7(28)
2.1 What is Sleep?
8(1)
2.2 Identifying Sleep
9(8)
2.2.1 Sleep Fragmentation
15(1)
2.2.2 Sleep Inertia
16(1)
2.3 What is Sleep Good For?
17(5)
2.3.1 The Concept of Process S
17(2)
2.3.2 How Much Sleep Does One Need?
19(3)
2.4 Consequences of Sleep Deprivation
22(6)
2.4.1 Cognitive Performance
22(3)
2.4.2 Health Consequences of Sleep Deprivation
25(3)
2.5 Benefits of Sleep
28(1)
References
29(6)
Chapter 3 Circadian Rhythms and Sleep-Circadian Interactions 35(18)
3.1 Circadian Rhythms
35(9)
3.1.1 What are Circadian Rhythms?
35(3)
3.1.2 Environmental Cues that Entrain Circadian Rhythms
38(3)
3.1.3 Health Problems Associated with Circadian Rhythms and Shift Work
41(1)
3.1.4 Jet Lag and Daylight Savings Time
42(2)
3.1.5 Circadian Rhythms in the Infants and the Elderly
44(1)
3.2 Interaction Between Sleepiness and Circadian Rhythms
44(5)
3.2.1 Alertness and Vigilance: Interaction Between Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Pressure
44(3)
3.2.2 Shift Work
47(1)
3.2.3 Melatonin
47(1)
3.2.4 Sleep Inertia
48(1)
References
49(4)
Chapter 4 Sleep Hygiene Recommendations 53(28)
4.1 Make Sleep a Priority
55(2)
4.2 Light
57(4)
4.3 Consistent Bedtime
61(1)
4.4 Bedtime Routine
62(2)
4.5 Noise
64(1)
4.6 Temperature
65(1)
4.7 Stimulants
66(3)
4.7.1 Caffeine
67(1)
4.7.2 Decongestants
67(1)
4.7.3 Weight Loss Pills
67(1)
4.7.4 Nicotine
68(1)
4.7.5 Alcohol
68(1)
4.8 Sleeping Environment
69(3)
4.9 Pain
72(1)
4.10 Diet
73(1)
4.11 Naps
74(1)
4.12 Body Posture
75(1)
4.13 Exercise
75(1)
4.14 Age
76(2)
References
78(3)
Chapter 5 Sleep Disorders 81(34)
5.1 Sleep Apnea
82(5)
5.2 Insomnia
87(2)
5.3 Narcolepsy
89(2)
5.4 Restless Leg Syndrome (RLS)/Willis-Ekbom Disease (WED)
91(3)
5.5 Shift Work Disorder
94(3)
5.6 Sleep-Wake Phase Disorders
97(4)
5.6.1 Advanced Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (ASWPD)
97(2)
5.6.2 Delayed Sleep-Wake Phase Disorder (DSWPD)
99(2)
5.7 Parasomnias
101(6)
5.7.1 Non-REM Parasomnias: Sleepwalking, Sleep-Related Eating, Sleep Violence, Sleep Sex, Night Terrors
101(4)
5.7.2 REM Behavior Disorder
105(2)
5.8 Fatal Familial Insomnia
107(1)
5.9 Hypersomnias
108(2)
References
110(5)
Chapter 6 Fatigue and Human Performance 115(14)
6.1 Fatigue and Human Error
115(2)
6.2 Fatigue and Hand-Eye Coordination
117(1)
6.3 Fatigue and Mood
118(1)
6.4 Fatigue and Memory
119(1)
6.5 Fatigue and Reaction Time
120(1)
6.6 Fatigue and Attention
121(1)
6.7 Fatigue and Cognitive Tunneling
122(3)
6.8 Fatigue and Decision Making
125(1)
6.9 Fatigue and Working with Others
125(1)
6.10 Fatigue and Marital Life
126(1)
References
127(2)
Chapter 7 Fatigue and Accidents 129(14)
7.1 Bhopal-Fatigue and Poor Abnormal Situation Response
129(4)
7.2 American Airlines 1420-Fatigue and Decline in Situation Awareness
133(2)
7.3 NASA Space Shuttle-Fatigue and Decision Making
135(1)
7.4 Exxon Valdez-Fatigue and Work Schedules
136(2)
7.5 Three Mile Island and Cognitive Tunneling
138(2)
7.6 Metro-North Train Derailment Fatigue Caused by Circadian Rhythms and Sleep Apnea
140(1)
7.7 Fatigue's Role in Accidents
141(1)
References
142(1)
Chapter 8 Fatigue-Related Regulations and Guidelines 143(10)
8.1 OSHA and Fatigue Risk
143(1)
8.2 NIOSH Sleep-Related Publications
144(2)
8.3 UK and EU Regulations
146(1)
8.4 Transportation Fatigue Regulations
147(2)
8.5 Healthcare Fatigue Regulations
149(1)
8.6 Conclusions
150(1)
References
151(2)
Chapter 9 Fatigue Counter Measures 153(6)
9.1 Schedule
153(1)
9.1.1 Exercise
154(1)
9.1.2 Naps
154(1)
9.2 Food and Drink
154(1)
9.3 A Sleep-Friendly Bedroom
155(1)
9.4 Lighting
156(1)
9.5 Getting to Sleep or Back to Sleep
157(1)
9.6 Conclusions
158(1)
Chapter 10 Work Shifts 159(12)
10.1 Shift Work
159(1)
10.2 Work-Shift Schedule Design
160(4)
10.3 Managing Work-Shift Scheduling
164(1)
10.4 Evaluating Work Shifts Using the HSE Fatigue Index
164(3)
10.4.1 Fatigue Index Factor 3-Rest Periods
165(1)
10.4.2 Fatigue Index Factor 4-Breaks
166(1)
10.4.3 Fatigue Index Factor 5-Cumulative Fatigue
167(1)
10.5 An Example of Health and Safety Executive's Fatigue Index
167(2)
References
169(2)
Chapter 11 Work Environment 171(8)
11.1 Introduction
171(1)
11.2 Lighting
172(1)
11.3 Temperature
173(1)
11.4 Noise
174(2)
11.5 Vibration
176(1)
11.6 Color
177(1)
References
177(2)
Chapter 12 Work Task Design 179(14)
12.1 Introduction to Work Design
179(2)
12.2 Work Stress
181(3)
12.3 Administrative Solutions for Work Design Issues
184(2)
12.4 Workplace Exercise
186(1)
12.5 Engineering Solutions for Work Design Issues
187(1)
12.6 Error Proofing
188(2)
12.7 Human Reliability Analysis
190(1)
References
191(2)
Chapter 13 Employee Training 193(12)
13.1 Introduction
193(1)
13.2 Addressing FRMS Training Reluctance
194(1)
13.3 Training Topics
195(1)
13.4 Ways to Engage Trainees
195(2)
13.5 Training for Supervisors
197(1)
13.6 Freely Available FRMS Training Materials
198(3)
13.7 FRMS Training Assessment
201(3)
References
204(1)
Chapter 14 Naps 205(14)
14.1 Perceptions of Napping
205(2)
14.2 Is Sleepiness a Problem at Work?
207(2)
14.2.1 How Much Sleep and What Quality of Sleep are Workers Getting?
207(1)
14.2.2 What are the Consequences of the Disrupted and Inadequate Sleep?
208(1)
14.2.3 How Do People Deal with Inadequate Sleep?
208(1)
14.2.4 Is Napping Appropriate for the Workplace and Would Individuals Actually Nap?
209(1)
14.3 Benefits of Naps
209(1)
14.4 Strategic Napping
210(4)
14.4.1 Nap Duration
211(1)
14.4.2 When the Nap Occurs During the Day
211(1)
14.4.3 Future Sleep Debt
212(1)
14.4.4 Sleep Inertia
212(2)
14.5 Napping Recommendations for the Workplace and for Shiftwork
214(3)
14.6 Nap Facilities
217(1)
14.6.1 Dedicated Nap Facilities
217(1)
References
217(2)
Chapter 15 Compounds that Alter Sleep and Wakefulness 219(16)
15.1 Over-the-Counter Substances
219(7)
15.1.1 Coffee/Caffeinated Drinks
220(3)
15.1.2 Alcohol
223(1)
15.1.3 Nicotine
224(1)
15.1.4 Antihistamines
224(1)
15.1.5 Decongestant Cough Medications
225(1)
15.2 Prescription Medications Meant to Alter Sleep and Sleepiness
226(3)
15.2.1 Benzodiazepines
226(1)
15.2.2 Nonbenzodiazipines Somnogenics
226(1)
15.2.3 Suvorexant
227(1)
15.2.4 Modanfinil/Armodafinil
227(1)
15.2.5 Melatonin/Melatonin Receptor Agonists
228(1)
15.3 Common Prescriptions that can Alter Sleep Regulation
229(2)
15.3.1 n-Blockers
229(1)
15.3.2 Antidepressants
229(1)
15.3.3 Corticosteroids
230(1)
References
231(4)
Chapter 16 Creating a Fatigue Risk Management System (FRMS) 235(14)
16.1 Call for Fatigue Risk Management Systems (FRMS)
235(2)
16.2 Purpose of an FRMS
237(1)
16.3 Roles and Responsibilities
237(3)
16.4 FRMS Implementation
240(2)
16.5 Training
242(1)
16.6 Hours of Service Limits
243(1)
16.7 FRMS Resources
244(1)
16.8 Assessing an FRMS
244(1)
16.9 FRMS Quality Assurance Questions
245(1)
References
246(3)
Chapter 17 Accident Investigation 249(10)
17.1 Investigating Accidents, Incidents, and Near Misses
249(1)
17.2 Considering Human Factors in an Investigation
250(1)
17.3 Fatigue as a Contributing Factor in Accidents
251(2)
17.4 Sample NTSB Fatigue-Related Accident Investigation
253(3)
17.5 BP Texas City CSB Investigation
256(1)
References
257(2)
Index 259
Susan L. Murray, Ph.D., P.E., Professor - Engineering Management & Systems Engineering, Missouri University of Science and Technologyhttp://web.mst.edu/~murray/resume.html Matthew S. Thimgan, Ph.D., Assistant Professor Biological Sciences, Missouri University of Science and Technology. Matthew has over 10 years experience in sleep biology, and his research interests are biochemistry, genetics and anatomy of the sleep loss response, role of lipid metabolism in Drosophila and identification of biomarkers for sleepiness.
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