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E-grāmata: Labor Progress Handbook: Early Interventions to Prevent and Treat Dystocia

4.58/5 (422 ratings by Goodreads)
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jan-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley & Sons Ltd)
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780470959374
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  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 31-Jan-2011
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell (an imprint of John Wiley & Sons Ltd)
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780470959374
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"The third edition of The Labor Progress Handbook builds on the success of first two editions and remains an unparalleled resource on simple, non-invasive interventions to prevent or treat difficult labor. Retaining the hallmark features of previous editions, the book is logically organized by stage of labor to facilitate ease of use and replete with illustrations showing position, movements, and techniques. Features new to this edition include two new chapters on third and fourth stage labor management and low-technology interventions, additional information on massage techniques, and a complete analysis of directed versus spontaneous pushing. The authors have also updated references throughout, expertly weaving the highest level of evidence with years of experience in clinical practice. The Labor Progress Handbook, Third Edition continues to be a must-have resource for those involved in all aspects of birth by providing practical instruction on low-cost, low-risk interventions to manage and treat dystocia"--Provided by publisher.

The third edition of The Labor Progress Handbook builds on the success of first two editions and remains an unparalleled resource on simple, non-invasive interventions to prevent or treat difficult labor.  Features new to this edition include two new chapters on third and fourth stage labor management and low-technology interventions, additional information on massage techniques, and a complete analysis of directed versus spontaneous pushing.

Recenzijas

"Each edition of The Labor Progress Handbook improves on the previous one, and this third edition is an even more indispensable resource for maternity care practitioners, especially within the context of today's overuse of birth technology, cesarean sections, and nonevidence-based management practices. Congratulations, Penny Simkin and Ruth Ancheta! You've given caregivers a powerful gift to pass on to childbearing women ... again!." (Birth, 1 March 2012)

Foreword to the third edition xv
Foreword to the second edition xvii
Foreword to the first edition xxi
Acknowledgments xxiii
Chapter 1 Introduction
3(12)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
Some important differences in maternity care between the United States, the United Kingdom, and Canada
8(4)
Notes on this book
12(1)
Changes in this third edition
12(1)
Material on epidurals
13(1)
Conclusion
13(1)
References
14(1)
Chapter 2 Dysfunctional Labor: General Considerations
15(36)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
What is normal labor?
16(5)
What is dysfunctional labor?
21(2)
Why does labor progress slow down or stop?
23(1)
A role for the fetus in regulating labor?
23(1)
The psychoemotional state of the woman: maternal well-being or maternal distress?
24(11)
Pain versus suffering
24(5)
The "fight-or-flight" and "tend-and-befriend" responses to distress and fear in labor
29(2)
The environment for birth
31(1)
Psychoemotional measures
31(2)
Physical comfort measures
33(1)
Physiologic measures
34(1)
Why focus on maternal position?
35(2)
Monitoring the mobile woman's fetus
37(8)
Auscultation
37(1)
When EFM is required: options to enhance maternal mobility
37(1)
Continuous EFM
38(3)
Intermittent EFM
41(1)
Telemetry
42(3)
Techniques to elicit stronger contractions
45(1)
Conclusion
46(1)
References
46(5)
Chapter 3 Assessing Progress in Labor
51(50)
Suzy Myers
Gail Tully
Lisa Hanson
Before labor begins
52(14)
Malposition
52(5)
Leopold's maneuvers
57(3)
Belly mapping
60(4)
Other assessments prior to labor
64(2)
Assessments during labor
66(18)
Position, attitude, and station of the fetus
66(1)
Vaginal examinations: indications and timing
66(1)
Performing a vaginal examination during labor
67(3)
Assessing the cervix
70(1)
Unusual cervical findings
71(1)
The presenting part
72(8)
The vagina and bony pelvis
80(1)
Quality of contractions
81(3)
Assessing the mother's condition
84(2)
Hydration and nourishment
84(1)
Vital signs
85(1)
Psychology
85(1)
Assessing the fetus
86(8)
Fetal heart rate
86(1)
How to perform intermittent auscultation
87(2)
When using continuous electronic fetal monitoring
89(2)
The three-tiered fetal heart rate interpretation system
91(3)
Putting it all together
94(2)
Assessing progress in the first stage
94(2)
Assessing progress in the second stage
96(1)
Conclusion
96(1)
References
96(5)
Chapter 4 Prolonged Prelabor and Latent First Stage
101(23)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
Is it dystocia?
101(7)
When is a woman in labor?
102(1)
Can prenatal measures prevent the fetal occiput position during labor?
103(3)
The woman who has hours of contractions without dilation
106(2)
The six ways to progress in labor
108(1)
Support measures for women who are at home in prelabor and the latent phase
109(2)
Some reasons for excessive pain and duration of prelabor or the latent phase
111(2)
Iatrogenic factors
111(1)
Cervical factors
111(1)
Fetal factors
112(1)
Emotional factors
112(1)
Troubleshooting measures for painful prolonged prelabor or latent phase
113(2)
Measures to alleviate painful, nonprogressing, nondilating contractions in prelabor or the latent phase
115(6)
Synclitism and asynclitism
116(5)
Conclusion
121(1)
References
121(3)
Chapter 5 Prolonged Active Phase of Labor
124(49)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
When is active labor prolonged?
125(1)
Characteristics of prolonged active labor
126(1)
Possible causes of prolonged active labor
127(9)
Fetal and fetopelvic factors
129(3)
How fetal malpositions delay labor progress
132(1)
Problems in diagnosis of fetal position during labor
133(1)
Artificial rupture of the membranes with a malpositioned fetus
134(1)
Specific measures to address and correct problems associated with a "poor fit"---malposition, cephalopelvic disproportion, and macrosomia
135(1)
Maternal positions and movements for suspected fetal malposition, cephalopelvic disproportion, or macrosomia
136(10)
Forward-leaning positions
136(2)
Side-lying positions
138(3)
Asymmetric positions and movements
141(3)
Abdominal lifting
144(1)
An uncontrollable premature urge to push
144(2)
If contractions are inadequate
146(10)
Immobility
147(2)
Medication
149(1)
Dehydration
150(1)
Exhaustion
151(1)
Uterine lactic acidosis as a cause of inadequate contractions
151(2)
When the cause of inadequate contractions is unknown
153(3)
If there is a persistent anterior cervical lip or a swollen cervix
156(2)
Positions to reduce an anterior cervical lip or a swollen cervix
156(2)
Other methods
158(1)
Manual reduction of a persistent cervical lip
158(1)
If emotional dystocia is suspected
158(9)
Assessing the woman's coping
158(2)
Indicators of emotional dystocia during active labor
160(1)
Predisposing factors for emotional dystocia
161(1)
Helping the woman state her fears
161(1)
How to help a laboring woman in distress
162(2)
Special needs of childhood abuse survivors
164(2)
Incompatibility or poor relationship with staff
166(1)
If the source of the woman's anxiety cannot be identified
166(1)
Conclusion
167(1)
References
167(6)
Chapter 6 Prolonged Second Stage of Labor
173(51)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
Definitions of the second stage of labor
174(1)
Phases of the second stage of labor
174(14)
The latent phase of the second stage
174(3)
The active phase of the second stage
177(1)
Physiologic effects of prolonged breath-holding and straining
178(4)
If the woman has an epidural
182(4)
How long an active phase of second stage is too long?
186(2)
Possible etiologies and solutions for second-stage dystocia
188(27)
Maternal positions and other strategies for suspected occiput posterior or persistent occiput transverse fetuses
188(12)
Manual interventions to reposition the occiput posterior fetus
200(1)
Early interventions for suspected persistent asynclitism
200(5)
If cephalopelvic disproportion or macrosomia ("poor fit") is suspected
205(1)
Positions for "possible cephalopelvic disproportion" in second stage
206(8)
Shoulder dystocia
214(1)
If contractions are inadequate
215(1)
If emotional dystocia is suspected
215(4)
The essence of coping during the second stage of labor
215(4)
Conclusion
219(1)
References
219(5)
Chapter 7 Optimal Newborn Transition and Third and Fourth Stage Labor Management
224(18)
Lisa Hanson
Penny Simian
Overview of the normal third and fourth stages of labor for baby and unmedicated mother
225(2)
Third stage management: care of the baby
227(2)
Oral and nasopharynx suctioning
227(1)
Delayed clamping and cutting of the umbilical cord
228(1)
Third stage management: the placenta
229(5)
Expectant physiologic management of the third stage of labor
229(1)
Active management of the third stage of labor
230(4)
The fourth stage of labor
234(2)
Keeping the mother and baby together
234(2)
Baby-friendly (breastfeeding) practices
236(1)
Ten steps to successful breastfeeding
237(1)
Routine newborn assessments
237(1)
Conclusion
238(1)
References
238(4)
Chapter 8 Low-Technology Clinical Interventions to Promote Labor Progress
242(35)
Lisa Hanson
Intermediate-level interventions for management of problem labors
243(1)
When progress in prelabor or latent phase remains inadequate
244(1)
Therapeutic rest
244(1)
Nipple stimulation
244(1)
Management of cervical stenosis or the "zipper" cervix
245(1)
When progress in active phase remains inadequate
245(6)
Artificial rupture of the membranes (AROM)
246(1)
Digital or manual rotation of the fetal head
246(4)
Manual reduction of a persistent cervical lip
250(1)
Reducing swelling of the cervix or anterior lip
251(1)
Fostering normality in birth
251(6)
Perineal management
251(6)
When progress in second stage labor remains inadequate
257(1)
Duration of second stage labor
257(1)
Supportive directions for bearing down efforts
258(1)
Hand maneuvers and anticipatory management of intrapartum problems
258(9)
Shoulder dystocia
258(7)
Somersault maneuver
265(2)
Nonpharmacologic and minimally invasive techniques for intrapartum pain relief
267(4)
Acupuncture
267(2)
Sterile water injections
269(2)
Nitrous oxide
271(1)
Topical anesthetic applied to the perineum
271(1)
Conclusion
271(1)
References
272(5)
Chapter 9 The Labor Progress Toolkit: Part
1. Maternal Positions and Movements
277(49)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
Maternal positions
278(33)
Side-lying positions
279(10)
Standing, leaning forward
289(1)
Kneeling positions
290(7)
Squatting positions
297(9)
Supine positions
306(5)
Maternal movements in first and second stages
311(13)
Other rhythmic movements
323(1)
References
324(2)
Chapter 10 The Labor Progress Toolkit: Part
2. Comfort Measures
326(53)
Penny Simkin
Ruth Ancheta
General guidelines for comfort during a slow labor
327(1)
Nonpharmacologic physical comfort measures
328(26)
Heat
328(2)
Cold
330(2)
Hydrotherapy
332(5)
Touch and massage
337(8)
Acupressure
345(2)
Acupuncture
347(1)
Continuous labor support from a doula, nurse, or midwife
347(3)
Psychosocial comfort measures
350(1)
Assessing the woman's emotional state
351(3)
Techniques and devices to reduce back pain
354(17)
Counterpressure
354(1)
The double hip squeeze
355(2)
The knee press
357(2)
Cook's counterpressure technique No. 1: ischial tuberosities (I-T)
359(2)
Cook's counterpressure technique No. 2: perilabial (P-L)
361(2)
Cold and heat
363(2)
Hydrotherapy
365(1)
Movement
366(1)
Birth ball
367(1)
Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS)
368(3)
Sterile water injections for back pain
371(1)
Breathing or moaning for relaxation and a sense of mastery
371(3)
Bearing-down techniques for the second stage
374(2)
Conclusion
376(1)
References
376(3)
Epidural Index 379(2)
Index 381
Penny Simkin is a physical therapist who has specialized in childbirth education since 1968. She serves on the editorial board for Birth: Issues in Perinatal Care and the consultant boards for the International Childbirth Education Association and the Seattle Midwifery School. Ruth Ancheta is a certified DONA doula and approved trainer and has been a certified childbirth educator through ICEA for more than twenty years. She has authored numerous childbirth education materials including the Childbirth Skills Teaching Kit and the VBAC Source Book and Teaching Kit .