Preface |
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Acknowledgment |
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xi | |
I Overview |
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1 Basal Ganglia Anatomy, Biochemistry, and Physiology |
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4 | (1) |
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Circuits and Neurotransmitters in the Basal Ganglia |
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4 | (3) |
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Subthalamic Nucleus (STN) |
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7 | (1) |
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Output Nuclei: Globus Pallidus line= (GPi) and Substantia Nigra pars reticulata (SNpr) |
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7 | (1) |
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Globus Pallidus extema (GPe) |
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8 | (1) |
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Inhibiting and Disinhibiting Motor Patterns |
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8 | (2) |
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Implications for Disease: Focal Lesions and Abnormal Movements |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (3) |
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2 Cerebellar Anatomy, Biochemistry, Physiology, and Plasticity |
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14 | (1) |
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Overview of Cerebellar Structure, Function, and Symptoms |
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14 | (1) |
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Macroscopic to Microscopic Cerebellar Structure |
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15 | (6) |
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Neurotransmitters in the Cerebellum |
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21 | (2) |
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Neuroplasticity in the Cerebellum |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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24 | (3) |
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3 Classification of Movement Disorders |
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27 | (2) |
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29 | (1) |
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29 | (2) |
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31 | (1) |
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31 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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32 | (1) |
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Parkinsonism (Chapter 15) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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34 | (1) |
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35 | (3) |
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4 Diagnostic Evaluation of Children with Movement Disorders |
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38 | (1) |
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39 | (2) |
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41 | (7) |
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48 | (6) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (3) |
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58 | (1) |
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Quantitative Measurement in Movement Disorders |
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58 | (1) |
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Rating Scales for Pediatric Movement Disorders |
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59 | (5) |
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64 | (6) |
II Developmental Movement Disorders |
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6 Transient and Developmental Movement Disorders in Children |
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Benign Neonatal Sleep Myoclonus |
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70 | (1) |
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Benign Myoclonus of Early Infancy (Benign Infantile Spasms) |
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71 | (1) |
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71 | (1) |
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72 | (1) |
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Paroxysmal Tonic Upgaze of Infancy |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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Benign Paroxysmal Torticollis |
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74 | (1) |
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Benign Idiopathic Dystonia of Infancy |
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75 | (1) |
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75 | (1) |
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Posturing During Masturbation |
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75 | (1) |
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76 | (6) |
III Paroxysmal Movement Disorders |
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7 Tics and Tourette Syndrome |
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82 | (1) |
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82 | (1) |
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83 | (2) |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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Associated Behaviors and Psychopathologies in Tic Disorders |
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86 | (3) |
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89 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of Tic Disorders |
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90 | (4) |
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94 | (4) |
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98 | (14) |
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112 | (1) |
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112 | (1) |
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Differentiating Stereotypies from Other Disorders |
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113 | (2) |
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115 | (1) |
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Classification of Motor Stereotypies |
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116 | (5) |
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121 | (1) |
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Patient and Family Resources |
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122 | (1) |
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122 | (5) |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (1) |
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129 | (7) |
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136 | (8) |
IV Hyperkinetic And Hypokinetic Movement Disorders |
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10 Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism |
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Introduction and Overview |
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144 | (1) |
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Definitions of Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism |
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144 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of Chorea, Athetosis, and Ballism in Children |
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145 | (1) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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146 | (1) |
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147 | (18) |
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Summary of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach |
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165 | (4) |
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169 | (9) |
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178 | (1) |
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Classification of Dystonias |
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179 | (5) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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184 | (3) |
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187 | (7) |
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Diagnostic Approach to Dystonia |
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194 | (1) |
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195 | (2) |
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Patient and Family Resources |
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197 | (1) |
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197 | (9) |
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Introduction and Overview |
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206 | (1) |
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206 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of Myoclonus in Children |
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206 | (2) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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208 | (6) |
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214 | (16) |
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Autosomal Dominant, Cortical Myoclonus without Epilepsy |
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230 | (1) |
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230 | (1) |
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Summary of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Approach |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (11) |
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Introduction and Overview |
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242 | (1) |
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242 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of Tremor in Children |
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243 | (2) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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245 | (2) |
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247 | (9) |
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Approach to Diagnosis and Management |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (7) |
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Introduction and Overview |
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264 | (1) |
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265 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of Ataxia in Children |
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265 | (1) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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265 | (1) |
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265 | (27) |
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Approach to Diagnosis and Management |
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292 | (1) |
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293 | (1) |
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293 | (9) |
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302 | (1) |
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Clinical Features of Parkinsonism |
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302 | (1) |
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Pathophysiology of Parkinsonism |
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302 | (3) |
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Etiologies of Parkinsonism in Children |
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305 | (2) |
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307 | (5) |
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Treatment of Parkinsonism |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (5) |
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16 Hereditary Spastic Paraplegia |
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Introduction and Overview |
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318 | (1) |
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Definitions of Spasticity and Hypertonia |
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318 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of Spastic Paraplegia in Children |
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318 | (1) |
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Localization and Pathophysiology |
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319 | (1) |
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320 | (8) |
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328 | (1) |
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Diagnostic and Management Approach |
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329 | (1) |
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330 | (1) |
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330 | (8) |
V Selected Secondary Movement Disorders |
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17 Inherited Metabolic Disorders with Associated Movement Abnormalities |
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Pediatric Neurotransmitter Disorders |
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338 | (9) |
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347 | (42) |
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389 | (21) |
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18 Movement Disorders in Autoimmune Diseases |
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Complication of a Systemic Autoimmune Disorder |
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410 | (2) |
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Post-streptococcal Infections |
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412 | (4) |
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Autoimmune Basal Ganglia Encephalitis |
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416 | (1) |
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Autoimmune Encephalopathies |
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417 | (3) |
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Other Paraneoplastic Syndromes |
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420 | (1) |
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421 | (7) |
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19 Movements that Occur in Sleep |
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Overview of Sleep Physiology |
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428 | (3) |
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Classification of Movements in Sleep |
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431 | (1) |
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Sleep-Related Movement Disorders |
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431 | (12) |
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Hyperkinetic Movement Disorders that Are Present during the Daytime and Persist during Sleep |
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443 | (1) |
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Seizures in and Around the Time of Sleep |
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443 | (1) |
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444 | (10) |
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454 | (1) |
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454 | (1) |
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455 | (1) |
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Differentiating Hypertonia in Children |
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455 | (3) |
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458 | (4) |
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462 | (3) |
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Management of Cerebral Palsy |
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465 | (4) |
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469 | (10) |
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21 Movement Disorders and Neuropsychiatric Conditions |
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Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder |
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479 | (1) |
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Obsessive Compulsive Disorder |
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480 | (2) |
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482 | (2) |
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484 | (1) |
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485 | (7) |
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22 Drug-Induced Movement Disorders in Children |
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Introduction and Overview |
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492 | (1) |
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493 | (1) |
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Clinical Characteristics-Phenomenology of DIMDs in Children |
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493 | (1) |
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Drug-Induced Movement Disorders |
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494 | (13) |
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507 | (1) |
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507 | (9) |
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23 Functional (Psychogenic) Movement Disorders |
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516 | (6) |
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522 | (1) |
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523 | |
Appendices |
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Appendix A: Drug Appendix |
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527 | (24) |
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Appendix B: Search Strategy for Genetic Movement Disorders |
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551 | (10) |
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561 | (8) |
Index |
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569 | |