Editor Biographies |
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xv | |
List of Contributors |
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xvii | |
Foreword |
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xxi | |
Preface |
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xxv | |
About the Book |
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xxix | |
Expert Commentary |
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xxxi | |
1 Natural Food Sources for the Control of Glycemia and the Prevention of Diabetic Complications |
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1 | (24) |
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1.1 Introduction: Obesity, Metabolic Syndrome, and Type 2 Diabetes Epidemics: The Role of Nutrition |
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1 | (2) |
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1.2 Phytochemicals of Nutraceutical Importance and Functional Foods of Plant Origin |
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3 | (5) |
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3 | (1) |
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1.2.2 Vegetables and Fruits |
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4 | (4) |
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1.3 Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods of Animal Origin |
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8 | (1) |
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1.3.1 The Case of Carnosine |
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8 | (1) |
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1.4 Nutraceuticals of Both Plant and Animal Origin |
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9 | (3) |
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1.5 Probiotics, Prebiotics, and Symbiotics |
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12 | (3) |
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15 | (2) |
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17 | (8) |
2 Anti-Aging Effects of Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Nutraceuticals |
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25 | (14) |
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25 | (1) |
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26 | (2) |
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2.2.1 Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids and Their Role as Antioxidants |
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26 | (1) |
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2.2.2 Anti-Aging Effects of L-Cysteine |
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27 | (1) |
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28 | (2) |
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2.3.1 Neuroprotective Effects of N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine |
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29 | (1) |
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2.3.2 N-Acetyl-L-Cysteine in Combination with Other Antioxidants |
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29 | (1) |
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30 | (1) |
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2.4.1 Methionine Restriction |
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30 | (1) |
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2.5 Sulfur-Containing Nutraceuticals and Foods Rich in Sulfur-Containing Amino Acids |
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31 | (2) |
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32 | (1) |
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2.5.2 Anti-Aging Effects of Whey Protein |
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32 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (1) |
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33 | (6) |
3 Garcinia Fruits: Their Potential to Combat Metabolic Syndrome |
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39 | (42) |
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39 | (1) |
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3.2 Overview of Compounds in Garcinia Species |
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40 | (23) |
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3.2.1 Garcinia mangostana |
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44 | (6) |
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3.2.1.1 Chemical Properties |
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45 | (1) |
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3.2.1.2 Biological Activities of G. mangostana |
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45 | (4) |
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49 | (1) |
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50 | (3) |
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3.2.2.1 Chemical Properties |
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50 | (1) |
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3.2.2.2 Biological Activities |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (1) |
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53 | (2) |
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3.2.3.1 Chemical Properties |
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53 | (1) |
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3.2.3.2 Biological Activities |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (28) |
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3.2.4.1 Chemical Properties |
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55 | (1) |
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3.2.4.2 Biological Properties |
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55 | (1) |
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3.2.4.3 Potential Research |
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56 | (7) |
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63 | (1) |
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64 | (1) |
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64 | (17) |
4 Pro-Angiogenic and Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Small Molecules from Natural Products |
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81 | (30) |
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4.1 Biological Mechanisms of Angiogenesis |
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81 | (1) |
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4.2 Pharmacological Models for Angiogenesis Study |
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82 | (1) |
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4.3 Pro-Angiogenic Effects of Small Molecules from Natural Products |
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83 | (3) |
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4.3.1 Natural Products as Sources for Screening Pro-Angiogenic Stimulators |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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84 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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4.3.5 Other Small Molecules |
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85 | (1) |
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85 | (1) |
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4.3.5.2 Aloe vera-Derived Compounds |
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85 | (1) |
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86 | (1) |
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4.4 Anti-Angiogenic Effects of Small Molecules from Natural Products |
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86 | (13) |
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4.4.1 Natural Products as Sources for Screening Angiogenic Inhibitors |
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87 | (1) |
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87 | (2) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (2) |
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92 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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93 | (1) |
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94 | (1) |
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4.4.10 Other Small Molecules |
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94 | (5) |
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94 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (1) |
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95 | (4) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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99 | (1) |
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100 | (11) |
5 Nutraceuticals and Natural Product Derivatives in the Premises of Disease Prevention |
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111 | (26) |
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5.1 Introduction: How Significant Is the Role of Natural Molecules in Disease Prevention? |
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111 | (2) |
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5.2 Natural Products in Cancer Chemoprevention |
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113 | (4) |
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5.3 Natural Products in the Management of Diabetes |
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117 | (5) |
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5.4 Natural Products as Therapeutic Agents against Gout Disease |
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122 | (2) |
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5.5 Herbal Derivatives in Prevention of Alzheimer's Disease |
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124 | (3) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (1) |
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127 | (10) |
6 Honey- and Propolis-Mediated Regulation of Protein Networks in Cancer Cells |
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137 | (8) |
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137 | (1) |
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6.2 Honey-Mediated Targeting of Signal Transducer and Activator of Transcription (STAT) Proteins |
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138 | (1) |
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6.3 Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Production in Cancer Cells |
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138 | (1) |
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139 | (1) |
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6.5 Regulation of DNA Damage |
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139 | (1) |
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6.6 Combinatorial Strategies: It Takes Two to Tango |
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139 | (2) |
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6.7 Bioactive Propolis Chemicals as Tumor Necrosis Factor (TNF)-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand (TRAIL) Sensitizers |
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141 | (1) |
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6.8 Bioactive Chemicals of Propolis Target Different Proteins of Cell-Signaling Pathways |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (1) |
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142 | (3) |
7 Antiproliferative Effects and Mechanism of Action of Phytosterols Derived from Bioactive Plant Extracts |
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145 | (22) |
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145 | (1) |
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7.2 Mechanisms of the Anticancer Actions of Phytosterols |
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146 | (1) |
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7.3 Anticancer Effects of Phytosterols |
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147 | (14) |
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7.3.1 Plant Extracts Containing Phytosterols |
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148 | (7) |
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7.3.2 Isolated Phytosterols from Plant Extracts |
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155 | (6) |
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161 | (1) |
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162 | (1) |
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162 | (5) |
8 Yerba Mate (Ilex paraguariensis A. St. Hil.): A Promising Adjuvant in the Treatment of Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome |
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167 | (16) |
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Rubia Carvalho Gomes Correa |
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Tatiane Francielli Vieira |
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167 | (2) |
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8.2 Nutritional Composition of Ilex paraguariensis |
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169 | (1) |
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8.3 Composition in Bioactive Compounds |
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170 | (1) |
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8.4 Yerba Mate: Research Trends and Main Findings over 20 Years |
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171 | (1) |
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8.5 Biological Activities of Yerba Mate Related to Diabetes, Obesity, and Metabolic Syndrome |
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172 | (5) |
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172 | (2) |
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174 | (2) |
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176 | (1) |
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8.6 Summarizing Conclusion and Perspectives |
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177 | (1) |
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178 | (5) |
9 Role of Natural Antioxidants from Selected Plants Belonging to the Scrophulariaceae and Buddlejaceae Families in the Prevention and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases |
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183 | (54) |
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183 | (5) |
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9.2 Natural Antioxidants from Verbascum Species (Mullein) for Their Therapeutic Activities against Neurodegenerative Diseases |
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188 | (12) |
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9.3 Natural Antioxidants from Scrophularia Species (Figwort) for Their Therapeutic Activities against Neurodegenerative Diseases |
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200 | (9) |
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9.4 Natural Antioxidants from Buddleja Species (Butterfly Bush) for Their Therapeutic Activities against Neurodegenerative Diseases |
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209 | (12) |
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9.5 Secondary Metabolites and Their Therapeutic Activities against Neurodegenerative Diseases |
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221 | (4) |
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225 | (1) |
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226 | (1) |
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226 | (11) |
10 Recent Trends in Drug Discovery against Alzheimer's Disease: Use of Natural Products and Nutraceuticals from Botanicals |
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237 | (42) |
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237 | (1) |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (1) |
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10.4 Conventional Therapy |
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239 | (1) |
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10.5 Complementary and Alternative Therapies (CATS) for AD |
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239 | (1) |
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10.6 Research Methodology |
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240 | (1) |
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10.7 Neuroprotective Biomolecules: Possible Roles against AD Pathogenesis |
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241 | (22) |
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10.7.1 1-o-acetyllycorine |
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241 | (4) |
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245 | (1) |
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245 | (11) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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256 | (1) |
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10.7.7 Baicalein and Baicalin |
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256 | (1) |
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10.7.8 Bellidin, Bellidifolin, Bellidin 8-O-β-Glucopyranoside and Bellidifolin 8-O-β-Glucopyranoside |
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256 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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257 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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258 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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10.7.17 Isorhynchophylline |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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259 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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10.7.27 Stepharanine, Cyclanoline, and N-Methyl Stepholidine |
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262 | (1) |
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10.7.28 Tripchlorolide (T4) |
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262 | (1) |
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10.7.29 Triptexanthoside C |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (2) |
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266 | (13) |
11 Therapeutic Potential of Metalloherbal Nanoceuticals: Current Status and Future Perspectives |
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279 | (26) |
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11.1 Historical Background of Indian Herbal Medicine |
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279 | (1) |
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11.2 Concept of Herbalism |
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280 | (1) |
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11.3 Positive Correlation between Phytopharmacology and Phytochemistry: Need of the Hour |
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280 | (1) |
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11.4 Validation of Herbal Therapeutics: An Indispensable Boon for Ayurveda |
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281 | (5) |
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11.4.1 Reverse Pharmacology-Based Validation of Herbal Drugs [ 14] |
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281 | (1) |
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11.4.2 Amplifying Approaches for Validation of Traditional Medicine |
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282 | (1) |
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11.4.3 Scientific Integration of Traditional Herbals in Clinical Practice |
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282 | (1) |
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11.4.3.1 Evidence-Based Benefits of Herbs |
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282 | (1) |
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11.4.4 Bhasmas: The Metal-Based Ayurvedic Medicine |
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283 | (1) |
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11.4.4.1 Preparation of Bhasmas |
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283 | (1) |
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11.4.5 Steps Involved in the Preparation of Bhasmas |
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284 | (2) |
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11.4.5.1 Characterization of Bhasma |
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285 | (1) |
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11.5 Metals Commonly Employed for Preparation of Bhasmas |
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286 | (4) |
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286 | (1) |
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287 | (3) |
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287 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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288 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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289 | (1) |
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290 | (1) |
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11.6 Toxicity Aspect: An Issue of Concern in the Use of Herbomineral Formulations |
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290 | (8) |
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11.6.1 Conflictive Opposition by Western Medicine Philosophy |
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291 | (1) |
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11.6.2 Conclusive Statements Supported by Varied Research Works |
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292 | (6) |
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11.6.3 Future Prospects in Light of Knowledge within Ayurvedic Texts and Its Application as Nanomedicine |
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298 | (1) |
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298 | (7) |
12 Green Tea Polyphenols: A Putative Mechanism for Cytotoxic Action against Cancer Cells |
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305 | (28) |
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12.1 Dietary Constituents and Their Role in Prevention of Cancer |
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305 | (1) |
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12.2 Cancer Chemoprevention by Dietary Polyphenols |
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306 | (2) |
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12.3 Polyphenolic Compounds and Their Chemical Classification |
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308 | (3) |
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12.4 Dietary Sources of Plant-Derived Polyphenolic Compounds |
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311 | (3) |
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12.5 Metabolism of Polyphenolic Compounds in Humans |
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314 | (2) |
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12.6 Polyphenols and Their Therapeutic Potential |
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316 | (5) |
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12.6.1 Anticancer Properties |
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316 | (2) |
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12.6.2 Prospective Anticancer Mechanisms of Plant-Derived Dietary Polyphenols |
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318 | (22) |
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12.6.2.1 Antioxidant Action |
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319 | (1) |
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12.6.2.2 Pro-Oxidant Action |
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319 | (2) |
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321 | (1) |
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321 | (12) |
13 Nature's Armamentarium against Malaria: Antimalarials and Their Semisynthetic Derivatives |
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333 | (42) |
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333 | (3) |
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13.2 Synthetic Drugs Allow Mass Prophylaxis of Malarial Infections |
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336 | (2) |
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13.3 The Cooperative World War II Wartime Program |
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338 | (2) |
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13.4 The Post-Chloroquine Era: A Return to Finding Drugs from Nature |
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340 | (1) |
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13.5 Compounds from Plant Sources |
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340 | (21) |
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342 | (5) |
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342 | (2) |
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344 | (1) |
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13.5.1.3 Plants Deserving Further Investigation |
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345 | (2) |
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13.5.2 Promising Antimalarials Native to Africa |
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347 | (4) |
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347 | (1) |
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347 | (2) |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (1) |
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351 | (1) |
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13.5.3 North America and Europe |
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351 | (2) |
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352 | (1) |
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13.5.4 India and East Asia |
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353 | (6) |
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354 | (5) |
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359 | (1) |
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359 | (2) |
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361 | (2) |
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363 | (1) |
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363 | (12) |
14 Nutraceutical-Based Pharmacological Intervention in the Management of Liver Diseases |
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375 | (20) |
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14.1 Liver: A Multifunctional Organ |
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375 | (2) |
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14.2 Biomarkers of Hepatic Injury |
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377 | (1) |
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14.3 Nutraceutical Intervention in the Management of Liver Diseases |
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377 | (9) |
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378 | (2) |
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378 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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379 | (1) |
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14.3.2 Dietary Polyphenols |
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380 | (1) |
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380 | (1) |
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14.3.3 Anthocyanins, Isoflavones, and Flavanones |
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380 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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381 | (1) |
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14.3.7 Beverages (Coffee and Tea) |
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381 | (1) |
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14.3.8 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids (PUFAs) |
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382 | (1) |
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14.3.8.1 Short-Chain, Medium-Chain, and Long-Chain Fatty Acids (SCFAs, MCFAs, and LCFAs) |
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382 | (1) |
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14.3.8.2 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids |
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382 | (1) |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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384 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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385 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (9) |
Index |
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395 | |