Preface |
|
xv | |
Acknowledgments |
|
xvii | |
About the Authors |
|
xviii | |
|
Part I Decoding and Synthesizing |
|
|
1 | (298) |
|
|
3 | (28) |
|
1.1 Power Processing Systems |
|
|
4 | (3) |
|
1.2 Non-PWM Converters Versus PWM Converters |
|
|
7 | (13) |
|
|
7 | (2) |
|
1.2.2 PWM Power Converters |
|
|
9 | (1) |
|
1.3 Weil-Known PWM Converters |
|
|
10 | (7) |
|
1.4 Approaches to Converter Development |
|
|
17 | (8) |
|
|
25 | (1) |
|
|
26 | (5) |
|
1.6.1 Part I: Decoding and Synthesizing |
|
|
26 | (2) |
|
1.6.2 Part II: Modeling and Applications |
|
|
28 | (1) |
|
|
28 | (3) |
|
2 Discovery of Original Converter |
|
|
31 | (12) |
|
2.1 Creation of Original Converter |
|
|
31 | (3) |
|
2.1.1 Source-Load Approach |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
2.1.2 Proton-Neutron-Meson Analogy |
|
|
32 | (1) |
|
|
33 | (1) |
|
2.2 Fundamental PWM Converters |
|
|
34 | (6) |
|
2.2.1 Voltage Transfer Ratios |
|
|
35 | (1) |
|
|
36 | (2) |
|
|
38 | (1) |
|
|
39 | (1) |
|
|
40 | (3) |
|
|
41 | (2) |
|
|
43 | (34) |
|
3.1 DC Voltage and Current Offsetting |
|
|
43 | (6) |
|
3.1.1 DC Voltage Offsetting |
|
|
44 | (3) |
|
3.1.2 DC Current Offsetting |
|
|
47 | (2) |
|
3.2 Capacitor and Inductor Splitting |
|
|
49 | (2) |
|
3.3 DC-Voltage Blocking and Pulsating-Voltage Filtering |
|
|
51 | (4) |
|
|
55 | (3) |
|
|
58 | (4) |
|
|
62 | (5) |
|
|
67 | (5) |
|
|
72 | (5) |
|
|
74 | (3) |
|
|
77 | (18) |
|
4.1 Transfer Ratios (Codes) |
|
|
77 | (5) |
|
4.2 Transfer Code Configurations |
|
|
82 | (4) |
|
4.2.1 Cascade Configuration |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
4.2.2 Feedback Configuration |
|
|
82 | (1) |
|
4.2.3 Feedforward Configuration |
|
|
83 | (2) |
|
4.2.4 Parallel Configuration |
|
|
85 | (1) |
|
|
86 | (5) |
|
|
86 | (2) |
|
|
88 | (1) |
|
4.3.3 Cross Multiplication |
|
|
89 | (2) |
|
4.4 Decoding of Transfer Codes with Multivariables |
|
|
91 | (2) |
|
4.5 Decoding with Component-Interconnected Expression |
|
|
93 | (2) |
|
|
94 | (1) |
|
5 Synthesizing Process with Graft Scheme |
|
|
95 | (38) |
|
|
95 | (6) |
|
|
96 | (1) |
|
5.1.2 Tee Canonical Cell and Pi Canonical Cell |
|
|
97 | (1) |
|
5.1.3 Switched-Capacitor Cell and Switched-Inductor Cell |
|
|
98 | (2) |
|
5.1.4 Inductor-Capacitor Component Cells |
|
|
100 | (1) |
|
5.2 Converter Grafting Scheme |
|
|
101 | (9) |
|
5.2.1 Synchronous Switch Operation |
|
|
101 | (2) |
|
5.2.2 Grafting Active Switches |
|
|
103 | (5) |
|
5.2.3 Grafting Passive Switches |
|
|
108 | (2) |
|
5.3 Illustration of Grafting Converters |
|
|
110 | (23) |
|
5.3.1 Grafting the Weil-Known PWM Converters |
|
|
110 | (1) |
|
5.3.1.1 Graft Boost on Buck |
|
|
111 | (1) |
|
5.3.1.2 Graft Buck on Boost |
|
|
112 | (2) |
|
5.3.1.3 Graft Buck on Buck-Boost |
|
|
114 | (2) |
|
5.3.1.4 Graft Boost on Boost-Buck |
|
|
116 | (3) |
|
5.3.1.5 Buck in Parallel with Buck-Boost |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
5.3.1.6 Grafting Buck on Buck to Achieve High Step-Down Voltage Conversion |
|
|
119 | (1) |
|
5.3.1.7 Grafting Boost on Boost to Achieve High Step-up Voltage Conversion |
|
|
120 | (1) |
|
5.3.1.8 Grafting Boost (CCM) on Buck (DCM) |
|
|
121 | (2) |
|
5.3.1.9 Cascode Complementary Zeta with Buck |
|
|
123 | (1) |
|
5.3.2 Grafting Various Types of Converters |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
5.3.2.1 Grafting Half-Bridge Resonant Inverter on Dither Boost Converter |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
5.3.2.2 Grafting Half-Bridge Resonant Inverter on Bidirectional Flyback Converter |
|
|
124 | (1) |
|
5.3.2.3 Grafting Class-E Converter on Boost Converter |
|
|
125 | (2) |
|
5.3.3 Integrating Converters with Active and Passive Grafted Switches |
|
|
127 | (1) |
|
5.3.3.1 Grafting Buck on Boost with Grafted Diode |
|
|
128 | (1) |
|
5.3.3.2 Grafting Half-Bridge Inverter on Interleaved Boost Converters in DCM |
|
|
128 | (2) |
|
5.3.3.3 Grafting N-Converters with TGS |
|
|
130 | (1) |
|
5.3.3.4 Grafting N-Converters with nGS |
|
|
130 | (2) |
|
|
132 | (1) |
|
6 Synthesizing Process with Layer Scheme |
|
|
133 | (20) |
|
6.1 Converter Layering Scheme |
|
|
133 | (2) |
|
6.2 Illustration of Layering Converters |
|
|
135 | (11) |
|
|
135 | (3) |
|
|
138 | (4) |
|
6.2.3 Other Converter Examples |
|
|
142 | (4) |
|
|
146 | (7) |
|
6.3.1 Deduction from Cuk to Buck-Boost |
|
|
146 | (2) |
|
6.3.2 Deduction from Sepic to Buck-Boost |
|
|
148 | (1) |
|
6.3.3 Deduction from Zeta to Buck-Boost |
|
|
149 | (1) |
|
6.3.4 Deduction from Sepic to Zeta |
|
|
150 | (1) |
|
|
151 | (2) |
|
7 Converter Derivation with the Fundamentals |
|
|
153 | (46) |
|
7.1 Derivation of Buck Converter |
|
|
153 | (1) |
|
7.1.1 Synthesizing with Buck-Boost Converter |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
7.1.2 Synthesizing with Cuk Converter |
|
|
154 | (1) |
|
7.2 Derivation of z-Source Converters |
|
|
154 | (12) |
|
7.2.1 Voltage-Fed z-Source Converters |
|
|
155 | (2) |
|
7.2.1.1 Synthesizing with Sepic Converter |
|
|
157 | (3) |
|
7.2.1.2 Synthesizing with Zeta Converter |
|
|
160 | (1) |
|
7.2.2 Current-Fed z-Source Converters |
|
|
161 | (1) |
|
7.2.2.1 Synthesizing with SEPIC Converter |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
7.2.2.2 Synthesizing with Zeta Converter |
|
|
162 | (1) |
|
7.2.3 Quasi-z-Source Converter |
|
|
162 | (2) |
|
7.2.3.1 Synthesizing with Sepic Converter |
|
|
164 | (1) |
|
7.2.3.2 Synthesizing with Zeta Converter |
|
|
165 | (1) |
|
7.3 Derivation of Converters with Switched Inductor or Switched Capacitor |
|
|
166 | (19) |
|
7.3.1 Switched-Inductor Converters |
|
|
167 | (1) |
|
7.3.1.1 High Step-Down Converter with Transfer Code D/(2 --- D) |
|
|
167 | (6) |
|
7.3.1.2 High Step-Down Converter with Transfer Code D/(2(1 - D)) |
|
|
173 | (5) |
|
7.3.2 Switched-Capacitor Converters |
|
|
178 | (1) |
|
7.3.2.1 High Step-Up Converter with Transfer Code (1 + D)/(1-D) |
|
|
178 | (3) |
|
7.3.2.2 High Step-Up Converter with Transfer Code D/(1 - D) |
|
|
181 | (3) |
|
7.3.2.3 High Step-Up Converter with Transfer Code D/(1-2D) |
|
|
184 | (1) |
|
7.4 Syntheses of Desired Transfer Codes |
|
|
185 | (14) |
|
7.4.1 Synthesis of Transfer Code: D2/(D2 - 3D + 2) |
|
|
186 | (1) |
|
7.4.1.1 Synthesizing with Buck-Boost Converter |
|
|
187 | (1) |
|
7.4.1.2 Synthesizing with Zeta Converter |
|
|
188 | (1) |
|
7.4.1.3 Synthesizing with Cuk Converter |
|
|
189 | (2) |
|
7.4.2 Synthesizing Converters with the Fundamentals |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
7.4.2.1 DC Voltage and DC Current Offsetting |
|
|
191 | (1) |
|
7.4.2.2 Inductor and Capacitor Splitting |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
7.4.2.3 DC Voltage Blocking and Filtering |
|
|
192 | (1) |
|
7.4.2.4 Magnetic Coupling |
|
|
193 | (1) |
|
|
194 | (1) |
|
7.4.2.6 Switch and Diode Grafting |
|
|
195 | (1) |
|
|
195 | (3) |
|
|
198 | (1) |
|
8 Synthesis of Multistage and Multilevel Converters |
|
|
199 | (16) |
|
8.1 Review of the Original Converter and Its Variations of Transfer Code |
|
|
199 | (2) |
|
8.2 Syntheses of Single-Phase Converters |
|
|
201 | (2) |
|
8.3 Syntheses of Three-Phase Converters |
|
|
203 | (4) |
|
8.4 Syntheses of Multilevel Converters |
|
|
207 | (3) |
|
|
210 | (5) |
|
|
212 | (3) |
|
9 Synthesis of Soft-Switching PWM Converters |
|
|
215 | (40) |
|
|
215 | (15) |
|
9.1.1 Passive Lossless Soft-Switching Cells |
|
|
216 | (1) |
|
9.1.1.1 Near-Zero-Current Switching Mechanism |
|
|
216 | (2) |
|
9.1.1.2 Near-Zero-Voltage Switching Mechanism |
|
|
218 | (2) |
|
9.1.2 Active Lossless Soft-Switching Cells |
|
|
220 | (2) |
|
9.1.2.1 Zero-Voltage Switching Mechanism |
|
|
222 | (4) |
|
9.1.2.2 Zero-Current Switching Mechanism |
|
|
226 | (4) |
|
9.2 Synthesis of Soft-Switching PWM Converters with Graft Scheme |
|
|
230 | (10) |
|
9.2.1 Generation of Passive Soft-Switching PWM Converters |
|
|
230 | (4) |
|
9.2.2 Generation of Active Soft-Switching PWM Converters |
|
|
234 | (6) |
|
9.3 Synthesis of Soft-Switching PWM Converters with Layer Scheme |
|
|
240 | (7) |
|
9.3.1 Generation of Passive Soft-Switching PWM Converters |
|
|
240 | (5) |
|
9.3.2 Generation of Active Soft-Switching PWM Converters |
|
|
245 | (2) |
|
|
247 | (8) |
|
|
252 | (3) |
|
10 Determination of Switch-Voltage Stresses |
|
|
255 | (16) |
|
10.1 Switch-Voltage Stress of the Original Converter |
|
|
255 | (2) |
|
10.2 Switch-Voltage Stresses of the Fundamental Converters |
|
|
257 | (6) |
|
10.2.1 The Six Weil-Known PWM Converters |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
|
257 | (1) |
|
10.2.1.2 Buck-Boost Converter |
|
|
258 | (1) |
|
10.2.1.3 Cuk, Sepic, and Zeta Converters |
|
|
259 | (1) |
|
10.2.2 z-Source Converters |
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
10.2.2.1 Voltage-Fed z-Source Converter |
|
|
260 | (1) |
|
10.2.2.2 Current-Fed z-Source Converter |
|
|
261 | (1) |
|
10.2.2.3 Quasi-z-Source Converter |
|
|
262 | (1) |
|
10.3 Switch-Voltage Stresses of Non-Fundamental Converters |
|
|
263 | (8) |
|
10.3.1 High Step-Down Switched-Inductor Converter |
|
|
263 | (1) |
|
10.3.2 High Step-Down/Step-Up Switched-Inductor Converter |
|
|
264 | (1) |
|
10.3.3 Compound Step-Down/Step-Up Switched-Capacitor Converter |
|
|
265 | (2) |
|
10.3.4 High Step-Down Converter with Transfer Ratio of D2 |
|
|
267 | (1) |
|
10.3.5 High Step-Up Converter with Transfer Ratio of 1/(1 - D)2 |
|
|
268 | (2) |
|
|
270 | (1) |
|
11 Discussion and Conclusion |
|
|
271 | (28) |
|
11.1 Will Identical Transfer Code Yield the Same Converter Topology? |
|
|
271 | (3) |
|
11.2 Topological Duality Versus Circuital Duality |
|
|
274 | (3) |
|
11.3 Graft and Layer Schemes for Synthesizing New Fundamental Converters |
|
|
277 | (12) |
|
11.3.1 Synthesis of Buck-Boost Converter |
|
|
278 | (1) |
|
11.3.2 Synthesis of Boost-Buck (Cuk) Converter |
|
|
279 | (1) |
|
11.3.3 Synthesis of Buck-Boost-Buck (Zeta) Converter |
|
|
280 | (2) |
|
11.3.4 Synthesis of Boost-Buck-Boost (Sepic) Converter |
|
|
282 | (2) |
|
11.3.5 Synthesis of Buck-Family Converters with Layer Scheme |
|
|
284 | (2) |
|
11.3.6 Synthesis of Boost-Family Converters with Layer Scheme |
|
|
286 | (3) |
|
11.4 Analogy of Power Converters to DNA |
|
|
289 | (6) |
|
|
291 | (1) |
|
|
291 | (4) |
|
|
295 | (4) |
|
|
296 | (3) |
|
Part II Modeling and Application |
|
|
299 | (96) |
|
12 Modeling of PWM DC/DC Converters |
|
|
301 | (28) |
|
12.1 Generic Modeling of the Original Converter |
|
|
302 | (1) |
|
12.2 Series-Shunt and Shunt-Series Pairs |
|
|
303 | (5) |
|
|
308 | (7) |
|
12.4 Small-Signal Modeling of the Converters Based on Layer Scheme |
|
|
315 | (8) |
|
12.5 Quasi-Resonant Converters |
|
|
323 | (6) |
|
|
326 | (3) |
|
13 Modeling of PWM DC/DC Converters Using the Graft Scheme |
|
|
329 | (22) |
|
|
330 | (2) |
|
13.2 Small-Signal Models of Buck-Boost and Cuk Converters Operated in CCM |
|
|
332 | (8) |
|
13.2.1 Buck-Boost Converter |
|
|
336 | (2) |
|
13.2.2 Boost-Buck Converter |
|
|
338 | (2) |
|
13.3 Small-Signal Models of Zeta and Sepic Operated in CCM |
|
|
340 | (11) |
|
|
344 | (2) |
|
|
346 | (3) |
|
|
349 | (2) |
|
14 Modeling of Isolated Single-Stage Converters with High Power Factor and Fast Regulation |
|
|
351 | (16) |
|
14.1 Generation of Single-Stage Converters with High Power Factor and Fast Regulation |
|
|
352 | (3) |
|
14.2 Small-Signal Models of General Converter Forms Operated in CCM/DCM |
|
|
355 | (6) |
|
14.3 An Illustration Example |
|
|
361 | (6) |
|
|
365 | (2) |
|
15 Analysis and Design of an Isolated Single-Stage Converter Achieving Power Factor Correction and Fast Regulation |
|
|
367 | (28) |
|
15.1 Derivation of the Single-Stage Converter |
|
|
368 | (1) |
|
15.1.1 Selection of Individual Semi-Stages |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
15.1.2 Derivation of the Discussed Isolated Single-Stage Converter |
|
|
369 | (1) |
|
15.2 Analysis of the Isolated Single-Stage Converter Operated in DCM + DCM |
|
|
369 | (4) |
|
15.2.1 Buck-Boost Power Factor Corrector |
|
|
370 | (2) |
|
|
372 | (1) |
|
15.3 Design of a Peak Current Mode Controller for the ISSC |
|
|
373 | (4) |
|
15.4 Practical Consideration and Design Procedure |
|
|
377 | (3) |
|
|
377 | (1) |
|
|
378 | (1) |
|
|
379 | (1) |
|
15.5 Hardware Measurements |
|
|
380 | (2) |
|
15.6 Design of an H00 Robust Controller for the ISSC |
|
|
382 | (13) |
|
|
382 | (4) |
|
15.6.2 An Illustration Example of Robust Control and Hardware Measurements |
|
|
386 | (6) |
|
|
392 | (3) |
Index |
|
395 | |