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Oxford Guide to Etymology [Hardback]

4.03/5 (61 ratings by Goodreads)
(Oxford University Press)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 358 pages, height x width x depth: 253x177x27 mm, weight: 775 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jul-2009
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199236518
  • ISBN-13: 9780199236510
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  • Cena: 71,62 €
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  • Formāts: Hardback, 358 pages, height x width x depth: 253x177x27 mm, weight: 775 g
  • Izdošanas datums: 23-Jul-2009
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • ISBN-10: 0199236518
  • ISBN-13: 9780199236510
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
This practical introduction to word history investigates every aspect of where words come from and how they change. Philip Durkin, chief etymologist of the Oxford English Dictionary, shows how different types of evidence can shed light on the myriad ways in which words change in form and meaning. He considers how such changes can be part of wider linguistic processes, or be influenced by a complex mixture of social and cultural factors. He illustrates every point with a wide range of fascinating examples.

Dr Durkin investigates folk etymology and other changes which words undergo in everyday use. He shows how language families are established, how words in different languages can have a common ancester, and the ways in which the latter can be distinguished from words introduced through language contact. He examines the etymologies of the names of people and places. His focus is on English but he draws many examples from languages such as French, German, and Latin which cast light on the pre-histories of English words.

The Oxford Guide to Etymology is reliable, readable, instructive, and enjoyable. Everyone interested in the history of words will value this account of an endlessly fascinating subject.

Recenzijas

This is an immaculate work in every sense, proudly flying the banners of authority and of hegemony ... a galazy of fascinating examples ... a brilliant, addictive work indispensable for school and academic libraries at all levels, and for all with any interest in words and the enchanted patterns they weave. * H. G. A. Hughes, Reference Reviews * a very readable, informative, content-packed introduction for the beginner; for the initiated it provides an incentive to ponder the many open questions presented. As such it can be unreservedly recommended. * Elmar Seebold, Anglia * Our strong expectations of The Oxford Guide to Etymology are fully realized * Nicoline van der Sijs, Nederlandse Taalkunde * A valuable and readable book. It offers a lucid, careful discussion of the main principles of etymology, and illustrates them with copious examples. It also nicely contextualizes etymology within the field of historical linguistics as a whole.... Deserves a place on every etymologist's shelves. * LinguistList * I am very impressed by the thoroughness of its coverage and the scholarly yet accessible style in which it is written. There is a real need for a book of this kind, which will appeal to the interested and informed general public as well as students and scholars. * Joan Beal, Professor of English University of Sheffield * Not only is this book truly excellent, it is unique in at least two ways. First, because it is the only dedicated textbook on the market as far as I know entirely devoted to etymology; and second because it is by an etymologist working on the OED, the best and fullest etymological dictionary of any language currently available. * Roger Lass, Professor Emeritus of Linguistics, University of Cape Town * Very much to be welcomed * Paul T. Roberge, English Language and Linguistics *

Acknowledgements viii
About this book ix
Introduction
1(33)
What is etymology?
1(2)
Some basic concepts: two example etymologies
3(19)
Why study etymology?
22(9)
What an etymologist does
31(3)
What is a word? Which words need etymologies?
34(27)
What are words?
34(9)
How new words arise
43(6)
Lexicalization
49(2)
Examples of lexicalization
51(5)
Apparent reversals of the process
56(1)
Cranberry morphs
56(2)
Which words need etymologies?
58(3)
Are words coherent entities?
61(33)
Variety in form and meaning: poke `bag, sack'
62(6)
Do we know precisely when a word's history begins? Can we assume continuity of use?
68(6)
Homonymy and polysemy
74(2)
How polysemy-homonymy relations can change
76(3)
Merger (or near-merger) in form and meaning
79(4)
Splits in word form
83(3)
A case of merger followed by a split
86(2)
Homonymic clash
88(6)
Word formation
94(38)
Issues concerning affixation
95(8)
Synonyms, nonce formations, and blocking
103(4)
Issues concerning compounding
107(4)
Some other important processes
111(12)
Arbitrary and non-arbitrary linguistic signs
123(9)
Lexical borrowing
132(23)
Basic concepts and terminology
132(8)
What constitutes a borrowing from language X into language Y?
140(2)
Motivation for borrowing: traditional explanations
142(1)
Examples of borrowing because of `need'
143(2)
Borrowing of a new word when a new product of the natural world is encountered
145(4)
Patterns of borrowing in the history of a language
149(6)
The mechanisms of borrowing
155(24)
Perspectives from contact linguistics
155(2)
What is basic vocabulary?
157(4)
Language shift
161(3)
Borrowing within and between languages
164(1)
Borrowings from more than one language
165(2)
Continuing semantic influence and semantic interference
167(2)
Multiple borrowings from the same source
169(1)
How can we tell that borrowing has occurred?
169(4)
Lexical borrowing and code-switching
173(4)
Some conclusions from chapters 5 and 6
177(2)
Change in word form
179(43)
Two Germanic sound changes
180(2)
Examples of English sound changes
182(13)
Sporadic sound changes
195(2)
Associative change in word form
197(10)
Metanalysis
207(1)
How regular are regular sound changes?
208(3)
Examples of arguments based on word form
211(11)
Semantic change
222(44)
Meaning change is a common phenomenon
223(2)
Polysemy and meaning change
225(3)
Semantic polygenesis
228(1)
Meaning change in a semantically complex word: quaint
228(2)
Influence from other words
230(5)
Some basic types of change
235(8)
Is semantic change predictable?
243(11)
Some practical examples
254(5)
Arguments based on form and meaning contrasted
259(2)
Etymology and extralinguistic factors
261(5)
Etymology and names
266(18)
How and why are names different?
266(3)
Two villages called Harvington
269(2)
Change in word form shown by names
271(4)
Which language does a name belong to?
275(2)
Names as evidence for lexis
277(2)
Names as evidence for word meaning
279(1)
Names as etymons
280(1)
Names and non-linguistic history
281(3)
Conclusion
284(4)
Glossary 288(9)
Suggestions for further reading 297(3)
References 300(13)
General index 313(13)
Index of word forms 326
Philip Durkin is Principal Etymologist of the Oxford English Dictionary. He trained as a medievalist and historian of the English language at the University of Oxford, where he completed a doctorate on previously unedited Middle English prose texts. He is a well-known speaker on English etymology. His publications include articles in scholarly journals, such as Transactions of the Philological Society, Dictionaries, and Critical Quarterly. He is Honorary Treasurer of teh Philological Society, the oldest learned society in Great Britain for the study of language and languages