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Planning in the USA: Policies, Issues, and Processes 4th edition [Hardback]

3.39/5 (33 ratings by Goodreads)
(San Diego State University, USA),
  • Formāts: Hardback, 548 pages, height x width: 246x189 mm, weight: 1180 g, 12 Line drawings, black and white; 46 Halftones, black and white; 58 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-Dec-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415506964
  • ISBN-13: 9780415506960
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts: Hardback, 548 pages, height x width: 246x189 mm, weight: 1180 g, 12 Line drawings, black and white; 46 Halftones, black and white; 58 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 05-Dec-2013
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415506964
  • ISBN-13: 9780415506960
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
This revised edition continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the policies and practices of planning. Discussing land use, urban planning and environmental protection policies, the text explains the nature of the planning process.

This extensively revised and updated fourth edition of Planning in the USA continues to provide a comprehensive introduction to the policies, theory and practice of planning. Outlining land use, urban planning, and environmental protection policies, this fully illustrated book explains the nature of the planning process and the way in which policy issues are identified, defined, and approached.

This full colour edition incorporates new planning legislation and regulations at the state and federal layers of government, updated discussion on current economic issues, and examples of local ordinances in a variety of planning areas. Key updates include:

  • a new chapter on planning and sustainability;
  • a new discussion on the role of foundations and giving to communities;
  • a discussion regarding the aftermath of Katrina in New Orleans;
  • a discussion on deindustrialization and shrinking cities;
  • a discussion on digital billboards;
  • a discussion on recent comprehensive planning efforts;
  • a discussion on land banking;
  • a discussion unfunded mandates;
  • a discussion on community character;
  • a companion website with multiple choice and fill the blank questions, and ‘test yourself’ glossary terms.

This book gives a detailed account of urbanization in the United States and reveals the problematic nature and limitations of the planning process, the fallibility of experts, and the difficulties facing policy-makers in their search for solutions. Planning in the USA is an essential book for students, planners and all who are concerned with the nature of contemporary urban and environmental problems.

Recenzijas

"This updated edition improves upon an already great planning textbook. Cullingworth and Caves, once again, provide a thorough, unbiased and high-quality overview of the most important debates in the field with sufficient depth and detailed information to give students entree to the actual practice of planning. The newly added sections on the impacts of Hurricane Katrina, shrinking cities, and sustainability expand the appeal and utility of this text in a variety of classroom settings." - Harley F. Etienne, Assistant Professor of Urban and Regional Planning, Taubman College of Architecture and Urban Planning, University of Michigan.

"Planning in the USA is an excellent comprehensive text as an introduction to the field and practice of urban planning and is exceedingly useful in public administration courses that focus on the complexities of managing urban environments. Like previous editions, authors Cullingworth and Caves address contemporary topics, policy advancements and new challenges of the profession in an understandable and insightful discussion. Topic themes are clearly presented and make this book a great choice for teaching undergraduate students" - Marie R. Wong, Ph.D., Associate Professor, Institute of Public Service, Seattle University, USA.

"The new material does retain both the clarity and personability of writing for which the book is highly regarded, whilst extending and updating the content. The provocative tone towards planners' self-education is likewise continued in many places; not least this can be seen again in the chapter on sustainability, which challenges readers to locate themselves as part of the problem as well as in a position to support a more sustainable future." - Richard Dunning, University of Sheffield, UK.

List of plates xv
List of figures xvii
List of boxes xix
Preface xxiii
Roger W. Caves
Acknowledgments xxv
List of acronyms and abbreviations xxvii
Introduction 1(6)
Part 1 Planning And Government 7(88)
1 The nature of planning
9(32)
The character of planning
9(2)
Planning theory
11(3)
The practice of planning
14(1)
Sectoral and comprehensive planning
14(1)
Interest groups
15(2)
Local interest groups
17(1)
Advocacy planning
18(1)
Foundations and giving to communities
19(2)
Planning vs. implementation
21(1)
Local vs. central control
22(1)
Underlying attitudes to land and property
23(1)
Private and public planning processes
23(1)
The elements of the planning process
24(2)
Citizen participation
26(2)
Technologies and planning
28(3)
Land use simulation games
31(1)
Geographic information systems and remote sensing
31(4)
Risk assessment models
35(1)
Using other technologies
36(5)
2 Urbanization
41(17)
World urbanization
41(1)
A culture of mobility in the United States
41(1)
Three centuries of urban growth
42(1)
Town development
43(1)
Transportation for commuters
43(1)
Immigration and urbanization
44(1)
Public policies and suburbanization
44(3)
Decentralization
47(2)
Current trends
49(3)
Deindustrialization
52(1)
Shrinking cities
53(1)
Urban infill development
53(1)
The role of government in urbanization
54(4)
3 Governing and planning urban areas
58(20)
Basic needs for government
58(1)
Privatism
59(1)
The growth of public powers
60(1)
Machine politics
60(1)
The reform movement
60(1)
Parks
61(1)
The City Beautiful
62(2)
Municipal reform
64(2)
Reform and the planning function
66(1)
The gridiron plan
67(1)
City planning as an exact science
68(1)
Regional planning
68(6)
Federalism
74(1)
Neoliberalism
75(3)
4 Planning-and sustainability
78(17)
What is sustainability?
78(2)
International actions
80(1)
US national actions
81(3)
State and local actions
84(3)
Green building regulations
87(3)
Community gardens
90(2)
Further thoughts
92(3)
Part 2 Land Use Regulation 95(100)
5 The evolution of planning and zoning
97(13)
The need for property protection
97(1)
Early land use controls
98(2)
The movement for planning
100(1)
The New York zoning ordinance of 1916
100(1)
The Standard State Zoning Enabling Act
101(3)
The Euclid case
104(1)
The narrowness of zoning
105(2)
The Standard City Planning Enabling Act
107(3)
6 The institutional and legal framework of planning and zoning
110(16)
Planning and zoning
110(1)
Zoning as a local matter
111(1)
The local managers of zoning
112(2)
Conflict of interest
114(2)
The constitutional framework
116(2)
The role of the courts
118(1)
Kelo v. New London
119(3)
Stop the Beach Renourishment, Inc. v. Florida Department of Environmental Protection
122(4)
7 The Comprehensive Plan
126(16)
State mandates
126(2)
Citizen involvement
128(2)
Required and optional elements/parts
130(1)
Consistency
131(1)
Environmental review
132(1)
Adopting the Comprehensive Plan
133(2)
Implementing the Comprehensive Plan
135(2)
Monitoring, amending, and updating the Comprehensive Plan
137(1)
Recent comprehensive planning efforts
138(2)
Conclusions
140(2)
8 The techniques of zoning and subdivision regulations
142(34)
The traditional techniques of zoning
142(1)
The single-family zone: what is a family?
143(1)
Group homes
144(1)
The single-family house: should there be a minimum size?
145(1)
Large-lot zoning: maintaining community character
146(1)
Floor area ratio
146(1)
Apartments and mobile homes
147(1)
Conditional uses
147(1)
Variances
148(2)
Spot zoning
150(1)
Floating zones
151(1)
Downzoning
151(1)
Contract zoning and site plan review
152(1)
Cluster zoning and planned unit development
153(2)
Performance zoning
155(1)
Mixed-use zoning
155(1)
Non-conforming uses
155(2)
Zoning amendments
157(1)
Special district zoning
158(2)
Overlay zones
160(1)
Exclusionary zoning
160(1)
Linkages
161(1)
Purposes of bonusing
162(1)
The dangers of bonusing
163(2)
Incentive zoning in New York
165(1)
The negotiation syndrome
166(1)
Form-based codes
166(3)
Subdivision regulations
169(3)
Development agreements
172(1)
Conclusion
173(3)
9 City financing and planning for development
176(19)
Budgets
176(1)
Unfunded mandates
177(1)
Bankruptcy
178(1)
Paying for the costs of development
178(2)
Impact fees
180(1)
The rational nexus
181(3)
The incidence of charges
184(1)
Existing vs. new home owners
184(1)
Municipal or state bonds
185(1)
Special Assessment Districts
186(1)
Capital Improvement Program (CIP)
187(2)
Tax Increment Financing
189(3)
Tax credit programs
192(1)
In conclusion
192(3)
Part 3 Growth Management 195(48)
10 Growth management and local government
196(17)
Attitudes to growth
196(1)
The Ramapo growth control program
197(1)
The Petaluma quota plan
198(1)
Other growth control programs
199(1)
Growth management and infrastructure
200(1)
Initiatives in Boulder
200(2)
Safeguarding agricultural land
202(3)
Smart growth
205(2)
Direct democracy devices and growth management
207(3)
Conclusion
210(3)
11 Growth management and the states
213(30)
Urban growth problems
213(1)
Hawaii
214(1)
Oregon
215(4)
Vermont
219(5)
Florida
224(2)
Maryland
226(3)
California
229(3)
New Jersey
232(5)
Conclusion
237(6)
Part 4 Planning And Development Issues 243(200)
12 Environmental policy and planning
245(37)
Environmental Concerns
245(3)
Environmental awareness
245(1)
The first Earth Day
246(2)
The National Environmental Policy Act
248(4)
Environmental control of federal programs
248(1)
Federal organization for NEPA
249(1)
The environmental review process
249(3)
Clean Air
252(9)
Technics and politics
253(1)
Early clean air policies
253(1)
Pollution and economic development
253(1)
The structure of clean air controls
254(1)
Acid rain
254(1)
Ozone
255(1)
State implementation plans
256(1)
Areas of severe pollution
256(2)
Vehicle emissions
258(1)
The 1990 Act and its future
259(1)
Problems with particulate matter
259(1)
Kyoto Protocol
260(1)
Global warming
261(1)
Clean Water
261(5)
The succession of professional approaches
261(1)
Federal water policy
262(1)
Water quality standards
263(1)
Municipal treatment plants
263(1)
Non-point source pollution
264(1)
Groundwater pollution
264(1)
Safe drinking water
265(1)
The limits of the regulatory approach
265(1)
Waste
266(7)
The nature of waste
266(1)
Hazardous waste
267(1)
Love Canal
268(1)
Superfund legislation
268(2)
Liability and compensation
270(1)
Toxic substances and pesticides
271(1)
Nuclear waste
272(1)
Other Environmental Concerns
273(9)
Coastal zone management
273(2)
Endangered species
275(1)
Wetlands
276(3)
The Reagan years
279(2)
Beyond Reagan
281(1)
13 The limits of environmental policy
282(22)
Introduction
282(1)
Technocratic policy
283(1)
Values and risks
284(1)
Perceptions of risk
284(1)
Risk and equity
285(2)
The Pollution Prevention Act 1990
287(1)
Balancing costs and benefits
288(1)
Economic analysis
288(1)
Economic incentives in environmental regulation
289(1)
The range of economic instruments
290(1)
Emissions trading or cap-and-trade programs
290(4)
The right to know
294(1)
Public participation
295(2)
The progress of environmental policies
297(7)
14 Transportation
304(32)
The centrality of transportation
304(1)
Transportation planning
304(10)
The arithmetic of transportation
314(1)
Telecommuting
315(1)
Suburbanization and transportation
316(1)
Traffic restraint through land use planning
317(1)
Transit-oriented development
318(3)
Traffic calming
321(2)
Increasing the supply of road space
323(1)
Downs' principle of 'triple convergence'
323(1)
Transport demand management
324(1)
Parking policies
324(1)
TDM programs
325(1)
Congestion charges
326(3)
Congestion charging and equity
329(1)
Transportation and public health
330(1)
Complete Streets
331(1)
Conclusions and uncertainties
332(4)
15 Housing
336(34)
The complex of housing
336(1)
Housing market theories
337(1)
Low-income housing
338(1)
Public housing and urban renewal
339(5)
Alternatives to public housing
344(2)
Housing subsidies
346(6)
Housing trust funds
352(1)
Community Land Trusts
352(1)
Land banking
353(1)
Accessory dwelling units
354(1)
Affordable housing and growth management
355(1)
Regional housing needs: the case of Mount Laurel
356(2)
The New Jersey Fair Housing Act
358(1)
The Federal Fair Housing Act
359(1)
Housing measures in other states
360(1)
Inclusionary zoning
361(1)
The current mortgage crisis
362(3)
Conclusion
365(5)
16 Community and economic development
370(25)
Changing perspectives
370(1)
The War on Poverty
371(1)
The Model Cities Program
371(1)
The new federalism
372(1)
Community Development Block Grants
373(1)
Carter's new partnership
374(1)
National Agenda for the 1980s: Urban America
375(1)
The Reagan years
376(1)
Enterprise zones
377(3)
Economic development policies
380(3)
Economic gardening
383(1)
Community development
384(1)
Faith-based organizations
385(2)
Business Improvement Districts
387(1)
Support for social change
387(2)
American Recovery and Reinvestment Act of 2009 (ARRA)
389(1)
Additional opportunities
390(5)
17 Urban design and aesthetics
395(22)
Urban design
395(1)
Community character
396(1)
Regulating urban design and aesthetics
397(2)
Billboards
399(3)
Digital billboards
402(2)
Rural signs
404(2)
Urban signs
406(1)
Architectural design review
407(5)
Landscape planning
412(1)
Big-box retail stores and aesthetics
413(1)
New Urbanism
413(4)
18 Heritage and historic preservation
417(26)
Preservation and profit
417(1)
The early days of heritage preservation
418(1)
With Heritage So Rich and subsequent legislation
419(1)
The National Register of Historic Places
420(2)
Statewide comprehensive historic preservation planning
422(2)
Highways and historic preservation
424(1)
The National Environmental Policy Act
425(1)
Economics of historic preservation
425(5)
State and local programs
430(3)
Neighborhood Conservation Districts
433(1)
Main Street™program
433(2)
Historic preservation and tourism
435(3)
The widening scope of historic preservation
438(5)
Conclusion 443(19)
19 Some final questions
444(18)
Determining the questions
444(2)
Property rights - 'wise use'
446(1)
Beyond localism
447(1)
Local acceptance of unwanted land uses
448(1)
Unwanted neighbors
449(2)
The role for the states
451(2)
Public participation and public confidence
453(1)
Catastrophic events
454(4)
In conclusion
458(4)
List of main cases 462(2)
Bibliography 464(39)
Index 503
Professor Barry Cullingworth was Emeritus Professor of Urban Affairs and Public Policy at the University of Delaware, and held posts at the University of Manchester, Durham, Glasgow, Birmingham, Toronto, and Cambridge.

Dr. Roger W. Caves is a Professor of City Planning and Director of the Graduate City Planning Program at San Diego State University (SDSU).