Atjaunināt sīkdatņu piekrišanu

Principles and Methods of Social Research 3rd edition [Hardback]

4.00/5 (16 ratings by Goodreads)
(Claremont Graduate University, USA), (Ohio State University, USA), (Claremont Graduate University, USA)
  • Formāts: Hardback, 504 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1065 g, 47 Tables, black and white; 65 Line drawings, black and white; 4 Halftones, black and white; 69 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 09-Sep-2014
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415638550
  • ISBN-13: 9780415638555
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Formāts: Hardback, 504 pages, height x width: 254x178 mm, weight: 1065 g, 47 Tables, black and white; 65 Line drawings, black and white; 4 Halftones, black and white; 69 Illustrations, black and white
  • Izdošanas datums: 09-Sep-2014
  • Izdevniecība: Routledge
  • ISBN-10: 0415638550
  • ISBN-13: 9780415638555
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
"This classic text presents the most recent advances in social research design and methodology. Users applaud the book's comprehensiveness. It reviews experimental, correlational, quasi experimental, and evalaution designs to survey sampling, interviewing, content analysis, questionaire design, scale developments, and assessing dyads and groups. The research process is described using basic principles of scientific inquiry and how they apply to the study of human behavior. Design issues are emphasized over statistical computations. The book helps readers apply sound scientific analysis to better understand what it means to be human, making it an indispensable resource in the fields of psychology, communication, sociology, education, health, and marketing. With a heavy emphasis on reliability, validity, and measurement, the book considers experimental, quasi-experimental, and survey research designs in light of these qualities. Principles and Methods of Social Research is noted for its: -Emphasis on understanding the principles that govern the use of a method to facilitate the researcher's choice of the best technique for a given situation. - Use of the laboratory experiment to describe and evaluate field experiments, correlational designs, quasi experiments, evaluation studies, and survey designs. Coverage of the ethics of social research including the power a researcher wields and tips on how to use it responsibly. "--

Used to train generations of social scientists, this thoroughly updated classic text covers the latest research techniques and designs. Applauded for its comprehensive coverage, the breadth and depth of content is unparalleled. Through a multi-methodology approach, the text guides readers toward the design and conduct of social research from the ground up. Explained with applied examples useful to the social, behavioral, educational, and organizational sciences, the methods described are intended to be relevant to contemporary researchers.

The underlying logic and mechanics of experimental, quasi-experimental, and non-experimental research strategies are discussed in detail. Introductory chapters covering topics such as validity and reliability furnish readers with a firm understanding of foundational concepts. Chapters dedicated to sampling, interviewing, questionnaire design, stimulus scaling, observational methods, content analysis, implicit measures, dyadic and group methods, and meta-analysis provide coverage of these essential methodologies. The book is noted for its:
-Emphasis on understanding the principles that govern the use of a method to facilitate the researcher’s choice of the best technique for a given situation.
- Use of the laboratory experiment as a touchstone to describe and evaluate field experiments, correlational designs, quasi experiments, evaluation studies, and survey designs.
-Coverage of the ethics of social research including the power a researcher wields and tips on how to use it responsibly.

The new edition features:
-A new co-author, Andrew Lac, instrumental in fine tuning the book’s accessible approach and highlighting the most recent developments at the intersection of design and statistics.
-More learning tools including more explanation of the basic concepts, more research examples, tables, and figures, and the addition of bold faced terms, chapter conclusions, discussion questions, and a glossary.
-Extensive revision of chapter (3) on measurement reliability theory that examines test theory, latent factors, factor analysis, and item response theory.
-Expanded coverage of cutting-edge methodologies including mediation and moderation, reliability and validity, missing data, and more physiological approaches such as neuroimaging and fMRIs.
-A new web based resource package that features Power Points and discussion and exam questions for each chapter and for students chapter outlines and summaries, key terms, and suggested readings.

Intended as a text for graduate or advanced undergraduate courses in research methods (design) in psychology, communication, sociology, education, public health, and marketing, an introductory undergraduate course on research methods is recommended.

Recenzijas

"A classic resource continues to improve! Sophisticated theoretical and methodological grounding, but accessible to the beginning researcher. A great discussion of indirect and implicit measures. .... A must-have resource for any advanced undergraduate or graduate course in research methods." Duane T. Wegener, Ohio State University, USA

"This outstanding textbook blends the Donald Campbell tradition of adhering to fundamental concepts of validity, with new research practices. This is the textbook of choice for the newcomer who seeks clear explanations regarding basic and applied issues, as well as the seasoned researcher who seeks a comprehensive reference book." Ximena Arriaga, Purdue University, USA

"The book presents complex ideas in a manner that is accessible to undergraduates while retaining the nuance necessary for graduate coursework. Both classic and contemporary content that is expressed with verve and precision." James P. Dillard, Pennsylvania State University, USA

"This book offers a comprehensive yet accessible look at research methods. I read an early edition years ago and it had a profound influence on my career. Its even better now. A must-read for Ph.D. students in the social sciences -- social psychology in particular! " Zakary Tormala, Stanford University, USA

"The depth of understanding in research methodology provided in this book is second to none. I used this book as a graduate student, and when I started teaching graduate students I found that no other text provided the amount of detail required at the graduate level. ... I [ am] using this text in Basic and Applied Research Methods a graduate course for students in our counseling psychology MA program." Joseph A. Camilleri, Westfield State University, USA "I have been using this book as my primary text for Research Methods a first-year graduatecourse for our Clinical, Developmental and Psychometrics programs. I have been very happy with the book. The proposed changes will make for an even stronger book. My students like the book and find it accessible yet informative. The book has a great balance between coverage and depth and serves my purposes well for an introductory graduate Research methods course in Psychology." Tiffany Yip, Fordham University, USA "The book is a perfect fit for my interests given my training in experimental social psychology and academic appointment in communication. ... The research examples in the book are about topics that interest my students and me. [ This is] is the only research methods textbook that meets my interests for the beginning graduate level." Gwen M. Wittenbaum, Michigan State University, USA

"I feel positively about the proposed changes. ... These changes will make the book a better teaching tool. ... This book can be used for a graduate level research proposal or methods class. ...This book will definitely fit psychology, human development, and education graduate programs." Wen-Pin Chang, Creighton University, USA

Preface xi
Acknowledgements xvii
About the Authors xix
PART I Introduction to Social Research Methods
1(80)
1 Basic Concepts
3(19)
Science and Daily Life
4(1)
Theories and Hypotheses
5(1)
From Theory, Concept, or Idea to Operation
6(9)
Role Theory in Scientific Inquiry
15(3)
Conclusion and Overview
18(1)
Questions for Discussion
19(1)
References
19(3)
2 Internal and External Validity
22(23)
Causation
23(2)
Phases of Research
25(2)
Distinguishing Internal and External Validity
27(4)
Basic Issues of Internal Validity
31(8)
Basic Issues of External Validity
39(2)
Conclusion
41(1)
Questions for Discussion
42(1)
References
43(2)
3 Measurement Reliability
45(19)
Classical Test Theory
45(8)
Contemporary Test Theory
53(8)
Conclusion
61(1)
Questions for Discussion
62(1)
References
62(2)
4 Measurement Validity
64(17)
Types of Measurement Validity
65(9)
Threats to Measurement Validity
74(4)
Conclusion
78(1)
Questions for Discussion
78(1)
References
78(3)
PART II Research Design Strategies: Experiments, Quasi-Experiments, and Nonexperiments
81(136)
5 Designing Experiments: Variations on the Basics
83(18)
Basic Variations in Experimental Design
83(3)
Expanding the Number of Experimental Treatments
86(8)
Blocked Designs: Incorporating a Nonexperimental Factor
94(2)
Repeated-Measures Designs and Counterbalancing
96(2)
Conclusion
98(1)
Questions for Discussion
99(1)
References
99(2)
6 Constructing Laboratory Experiments
101(24)
Steps for Constructing an Experiment
101(3)
Types of Experimental Manipulations
104(5)
Manipulation Checks
109(1)
Assignment of Participants to Conditions: Randomization Procedures
110(1)
Realism in an Experiment
111(1)
Social Simulations and Analogue Experiments
112(8)
Conclusion
120(1)
Questions for Discussion
120(1)
References
121(4)
7 External Validity of Laboratory Experiments
125(16)
Generalizability Across Participants
126(5)
Experimenter Expectancy and Bias
131(4)
Three Faces of External Validity
135(3)
Conclusion
138(1)
Questions for Discussion
138(1)
References
139(2)
8 Conducting Experiments Outside the Laboratory
141(18)
Research Settings and Issues of Validity
142(1)
Constructing a Field Experiment
143(6)
The Internet as a Site for Experimental Research
149(6)
Conclusion
155(1)
Questions for Discussion
155(1)
References
156(3)
9 Nonexperimental Research: Correlational Design and Analyses
159(26)
Analyzing and Interpreting Nonexperimental Research
160(6)
Multiple Regression
166(1)
Uses and Misuses of Correlational Analysis
167(3)
Multi-Level Models
170(2)
Structural Equation Models
172(9)
Conclusion
181(1)
Questions for Discussion
182(1)
References
183(2)
10 Quasi-Experiments and Evaluation Research
185(32)
Program Evaluation Research
186(3)
Quasi-Experimental Methods
189(22)
Use of Archival Data in Longitudinal Research
211(2)
Conclusion
213(1)
Questions for Discussion
213(1)
References
213(4)
PART III Data Collecting Methods
217(190)
11 Survey Studies: Design and Sampling
219(31)
Selection vs. Assignment
219(5)
Random Sampling
224(9)
Nonrandom Sampling
233(3)
More Sampling Issues
236(5)
Types of Survey Studies
241(3)
Missing Data
244(2)
Conclusion
246(1)
Questions for Discussion
246(1)
References
247(3)
12 Systematic Observational Methods
250(30)
Three Aspects of Naturalism
250(3)
Observer Involvement in the Naturalistic Setting: The Participatory--Nonparticipatory Distinction
253(7)
Coding Observations
260(14)
Conclusion
274(1)
Questions for Discussion
275(1)
References
276(4)
13 Interviewing
280(23)
Modes of Administration: Face-to-Face and Telephone
280(1)
Developing the Interview
281(5)
Interview Structure
286(4)
Conducting the Interview
290(3)
Interviewer Characteristics: Establishing Rapport
293(3)
Group Interviews and Focus Groups
296(2)
Conclusion
298(1)
Questions for Discussion
298(1)
References
299(4)
14 Content Analysis
303(20)
Conducting a Content Analysis
304(10)
Representative Examples
314(5)
Conclusion
319(1)
Questions for Discussion
319(1)
References
320(3)
15 Questionnaire Design and Scale Construction
323(19)
Questionnaires
323(3)
Constructing Rating Scales
326(12)
Conclusion
338(1)
Questions for Discussion
338(1)
References
339(3)
16 Indirect and Implicit Measures of Cognition and Affect
342(28)
Indirect Measures
343(1)
Information Processing: Attention and Memory
344(6)
Priming: Processing Without Awareness or Intent
350(8)
Social Psychophysiology: Physiological Traces of Affect and Cognitive Processing
358(5)
Conclusion
363(1)
Questions for Discussion
364(2)
References
366(4)
17 Scaling Stimuli: Social Psychophysics
370(15)
Scaling Stimuli
371(1)
Techniques for Stimulus Scaling
372(5)
Multidimensional Scaling Models
377(5)
Conclusion
382(1)
Questions for Discussion
382(1)
References
383(2)
18 Methods for Assessing Dyads and Groups
385(22)
Dyadic Designs
385(2)
Deriving Dyadic and Group Level Variables
387(4)
Designs to Study Group Structures
391(5)
Designs to Study Multiple Groups
396(2)
Measuring Group Process and Outcomes
398(4)
Conclusion
402(1)
Questions for Discussion
402(1)
References
403(4)
PART IV Concluding Perspectives
407(38)
19 Synthesizing Research Results: Meta--Analysis
409(19)
Stages in the Meta-Analysis Process
411(11)
Interpreting the Meta-Analysis
422(2)
Conclusion
424(1)
Questions for Discussion
424(1)
References
425(3)
20 Social Responsibility and Ethics in Social Research
428(17)
Ethics of Research Practices
428(7)
The Regulatory Context of Research Involving Human Participants
435(3)
Ethics of Data Reporting
438(2)
Ethical Issues Related to the Products of Scientific Research
440(1)
Conclusion
441(1)
Questions for Discussion
441(1)
References
442(3)
Glossary 445(14)
Suggested Additional Readings 459(8)
Author Index 467(10)
Subject Index 477
William D. Crano is the Oskamp Distinguished Chair and Head of the Department of Psychology at Claremont Graduate University.



Marilynn B. Brewer is Professor Emeritus from the Ohio State University and a Visiting Professor of Psychology at the University of New South Wales.



Andrew Lac is Research Professor of Psychology at Claremont Graduate University.