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xv | |
Acknowledgments |
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xix | |
Introduction |
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1 | (26) |
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Three Ways This Book Is Different |
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2 | (1) |
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How I Became a Grammar and Punctuation Fanatic |
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3 | (2) |
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5 | (2) |
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Punctuation---Who Needs It? |
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7 | (1) |
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Reasons to Hate Punctuation |
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8 | (2) |
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Reasons to Love Punctuation |
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10 | (1) |
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Punctuation, Passion, and Mental Health |
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11 | (3) |
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14 | (3) |
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Defining Some Really Basic Terms |
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17 | (1) |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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19 | (2) |
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21 | (1) |
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21 | (2) |
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23 | (1) |
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23 | (1) |
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24 | (1) |
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25 | (2) |
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27 | (132) |
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Lesson 1 Apostrophes that Mark Omitted Letters or Numbers |
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29 | (4) |
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Lesson 2 Apostrophes that Mark the Possessive Case |
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33 | (14) |
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Singular Nouns that End in S |
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36 | (3) |
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The Possessive Forms of Biblical and Classical Names |
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39 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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40 | (1) |
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The Possessive Case with Italicized Words |
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41 | (1) |
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How to Make Indefinite Pronouns Possessive |
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41 | (1) |
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Using an Apostrophe with the Name of a Thing or a Title |
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42 | (5) |
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Lesson 3 Apostrophes that Indicate a Length of Time or An Amount |
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47 | (2) |
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Lesson 4 Using Apostrophes to Mark Some Plurals |
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49 | (4) |
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Plurals of Dates, Numbers, Lowercase Letters, and Abbreviations |
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50 | (1) |
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Plurals without Apostrophes |
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50 | (1) |
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51 | (2) |
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53 | (14) |
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What Is a Colon Really Saying? |
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57 | (1) |
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Colons before Definitions or Comments on Words |
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57 | (1) |
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58 | (2) |
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Should You Capitalize after a Colon? |
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60 | (1) |
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Colons before Long Quotations |
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61 | (1) |
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Colons before Short Direct Quotations |
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62 | (1) |
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62 | (3) |
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65 | (2) |
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Lesson 6 Commas With Main Clauses |
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67 | (10) |
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69 | (1) |
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Using Commas to Set Off Main Clauses |
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70 | (2) |
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Adding a Main Clause to Complete a Sentence |
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72 | (1) |
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What If the Main Clause Comes First? |
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72 | (5) |
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Lesson 7 When to Put Commas Before and or But: Joining Two Main Clauses with And---without a Comma |
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77 | (12) |
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Connecting Main Clauses with a Comma plus And |
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78 | (2) |
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When to Use a Comma before But |
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80 | (3) |
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When Don't You Need a Comma before But? |
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83 | (1) |
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84 | (2) |
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86 | (3) |
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Lesson 8 Commas and Fanboys: for, and, Nor, But, or, Yet, So |
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89 | (4) |
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Fanboys? What on Earth Are They? |
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90 | (3) |
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Lesson 9 The Dreaded Comma Splice |
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93 | (6) |
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96 | (3) |
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Lesson 10 The Oxford Comma |
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99 | (6) |
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Who Doesn't Use the Oxford Comma? |
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102 | (3) |
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Lesson 11 Using Commas In A Series |
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105 | (10) |
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When to Put a Comma between Two Adjectives |
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105 | (3) |
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When Not to Put a Comma between Adjectives |
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108 | (3) |
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Using Commas with a Series of Three or More Words of the Same Kind: Three Adjectives, Three Adverbs, Three Nouns, Etc. |
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111 | (1) |
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Two Adjectives Joined by And, Or, or But |
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112 | (3) |
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Lesson 12 Using Commas After If-Clauses |
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115 | (4) |
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If-Clauses at the Start of Sentences |
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115 | (2) |
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117 | (2) |
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Lesson 13 Using Commas With Transition Words and Phrases: Actually, as a Matter of Fact, for Example, However, Incidentally, Indeed, In Fact, In Other Words, Luckily, Meanwhile, Moreover, of Course, On The Other Hand, Perhaps, Therefore, Though, Etc. |
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119 | (10) |
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What Are Transition Words? |
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121 | (1) |
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Transition Words in the Midst of Sentences |
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122 | (3) |
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When Not to Use Commas with Transition Words |
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125 | (4) |
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Lesson 14 Commas In Front of Wh- Words: Where, Which, Who, Whom, Whose |
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129 | (10) |
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When Not to Use Commas before Words Like Where, Who, Whom, and Whose |
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131 | (2) |
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Choosing between Which and That |
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133 | (4) |
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Exceptions to the Rule About That and Which |
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137 | (2) |
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Lesson 15 Using Commas Around Parenthetical Bits in the Midst of Sentences |
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139 | (2) |
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Lesson 16 Using Commas When Describing or Naming Somebody or Something You've Just Referred To |
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141 | (4) |
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Lesson 17 Using Commas Before Short Bits at the Ends of Sentences |
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145 | (2) |
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Lesson 18 Using Commas for Clarity and Contrast |
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147 | (6) |
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147 | (3) |
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Using Commas to Show Contrast |
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150 | (3) |
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Lesson 19 Using Commas to Mark Omitted Text |
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153 | (2) |
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Lesson 20 Commas In Direct Address |
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155 | (4) |
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159 | (34) |
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161 | (12) |
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Dashes for Artistic Effect |
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170 | (3) |
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173 | (4) |
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174 | (3) |
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Lesson 23 Exclamation Points!!!! |
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177 | (8) |
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180 | (3) |
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Exclamation Points and Gender |
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183 | (2) |
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Lesson 24 However: How to Get the Punctuation Right Every Time |
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185 | (8) |
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However at the Beginning of a Sentence |
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185 | (2) |
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Wait a Minute---Isn't It a Mistake to Start a Sentence with However in This Sense? |
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187 | (1) |
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However at the End of a Sentence |
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187 | (1) |
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The Tricky Part: However in Mid-Sentence |
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188 | (2) |
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190 | (1) |
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Is it Okay to Leave Out the Commas? |
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191 | (2) |
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193 | (92) |
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Lesson 25 When to Hyphenate |
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195 | (18) |
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Using Hyphens to Divide Words at the End of a Line |
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197 | (1) |
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Using Hyphens to Join Words |
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198 | (1) |
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199 | (1) |
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Using Hyphens with Compounds that Modify Nouns |
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200 | (1) |
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Using Hyphens to Avoid Ambiguity or Misreadings |
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201 | (2) |
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Using Hyphens after Prefixes |
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203 | (2) |
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Using Hyphens to Connect Letters to Words |
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205 | (1) |
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Using Hyphens with Numbers |
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206 | (2) |
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Using Hyphens with Nationalities |
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208 | (1) |
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Using Hyphens to Form Verbs |
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209 | (1) |
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210 | (1) |
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How to Hyphenate Two Different Word Compounds that Share a Base |
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210 | (3) |
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Lesson 26 When Not to Hyphenate |
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213 | (8) |
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What to Do When Compounds Come after the Noun |
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213 | (1) |
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Don't Hyphenate Compounds in This Context, Too---Can You Guess What It Is? |
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214 | (1) |
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215 | (1) |
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When Your Meaning is Clear without Hyphenation: Open Compounds |
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215 | (2) |
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Judge for Yourself If Words Form Compounds |
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217 | (1) |
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217 | (1) |
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218 | (3) |
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Lesson 27 Parentheses and Square Brackets |
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221 | (4) |
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Complete Sentences Inside Parentheses |
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223 | (1) |
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224 | (1) |
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225 | (8) |
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Abbreviations, Contractions, and Numbers |
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226 | (2) |
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228 | (2) |
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"The Angry, Aggressive Period" |
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230 | (3) |
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233 | (8) |
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235 | (1) |
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Question Marks That Indicate Uncertainty |
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235 | (1) |
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235 | (2) |
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Statements, Requests, Invitations, and Demands in the Form of Questions |
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237 | (4) |
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Lesson 30 Quotation Marks |
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241 | (18) |
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Punctuating before a Quote |
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243 | (1) |
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Punctuating at the End of a Quote: Commas and Periods |
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243 | (1) |
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Quotes with Question Marks or Exclamation Points |
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244 | (3) |
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Colons, Semicolons, Dashes, Asterisks |
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247 | (1) |
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What If You Ask a Question Involving a Quote, but the Quote Itself Isn't a Question? |
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247 | (1) |
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Punctuating When You Interrupt a Quote |
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248 | (1) |
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249 | (1) |
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Skipping Parts of a Quoted Text |
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250 | (1) |
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When Shouldn't You Put Quotation Marks around Quotes? |
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251 | (1) |
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Quotation Marks around Titles |
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252 | (1) |
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Quotation Marks around Words or Phrases That You Want to Draw Attention to or Define |
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253 | (6) |
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Lesson 31 Quotes Within Quotes |
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259 | (6) |
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Lesson 32 Run-on Sentences |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (12) |
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Using Semicolons to Connect Independent Clauses |
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267 | (4) |
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Reasons to Love Semicolons |
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271 | (2) |
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Wait A Minute: Should I Use a Semicolon or a Colon? |
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273 | (1) |
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A Few Things to Keep in Mind |
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274 | (1) |
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Semicolons in Long or Complicated Sentences or Lists |
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275 | (4) |
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Lesson 34 Starting Sentences With and or But |
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279 | (6) |
Notes |
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285 | (20) |
Select Bibliography |
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305 | (4) |
Index |
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309 | (6) |
Quotation Sources |
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315 | |