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E-grāmata: Sex Control in Aquaculture

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  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119127277
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Sex Control in AquaculturePalielināt
  • Formāts: EPUB+DRM
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-Nov-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9781119127277
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Awarded Bookauthority's "Best Aquaculture Books of all Time"

A comprehensive resource that covers all the aspects of sex control in aquaculture written by internationally-acclaimed scientists

Comprehensive in scope, Sex Control in Aquaculture first explains the concepts and rationale for sex control in aquaculture, which serves different purposes. The most important are: to produce monosex stocks to rear only the fastest-growing sex in some species, to prevent precocious or uncontrolled reproduction in other species and to aid in broodstock management. The application of sex ratio manipulation for population control and invasive species management is also included.  Next, this book provides detailed and updated information on the underlying genetic, epigenetic, endocrine and environmental mechanisms responsible for the establishment of the sexes, and explains chromosome set manipulation techniques, hybridization and the latest gene knockout approaches. Furthermore, the book offers detailed protocols and key summarizing information on how sex control is practiced worldwide in 35 major aquaculture species or groups, including fish and crustaceans, and puts the focus on its application in the aquaculture industry. 

With contributions from an international panel of leading scientists, Sex Control in Aquaculture will appeal to a large audience:  aquaculture/fisheries professionals and students, scientists or biologists working with basic aspects of fish/shrimp biology, growth and reproductive endocrinology, genetics, molecular biology, evolutionary biology, and R&D managers and administrators. This text explores sex control technologies and monosex production of commercially-farmed fish and crustacean species that are highly in demand for aquaculture, to improve feed utilization efficiency, reduce energy consumption for reproduction and eliminate a series of problems caused by mixed sex rearing. Thus, this book:





Contains contributions from an international panel of leading scientists and professionals in the field Provides comprehensive coverage of both established and new technologies to control sex ratios that are becoming more necessary to increase productivity in aquaculture Includes detailed coverage of the most effective sex control techniques used in the world's most important commercially-farmed species

Sex Control in Aquaculture is the comprehensive resource for understanding the biological rationale, scientific principles and real-world practices in this exciting and expanding field. 

Recenzijas

"A must-read for students and researchers interested in teleost reproduction as well as fisheries scientists and managers of fish farms alike." (Journal of Fish Biology)

Sex Control In Aquaculture: Volume 1
List of Contributors
xv
Preface
xvii
Acknowledgments
xix
Part I Theoretical and Practical Bases of Sex Control in Aquaculture
1(188)
1 Sex Control in Aquaculture: Concept to Practice
3(32)
Han-Ping Wang
Zhi-Gang Shen
1.1 Introduction
3(2)
1.2 Establishment of Phenotypic Sex - "Promoter" to "Modulator"
5(1)
1.2.1 Sex Determining Factors - the Promoter
7(1)
1.2.2 Molecular Players in Sex Differentiation - the Modulator
12(2)
1.3 Sex control Practice in Aquaculture
14(1)
1.3.1 Large-Scale Monosex Production
15(6)
1.4 Sex Control Practices in Fisheries
21(1)
1.5 Future Perspectives
22(1)
1.5.1 Population Level-Based Identification of the Sex Determining Mechanism
22(1)
1.5.2 Targets of Sex Determining Factors and Molecular Networks Involved in Sex Differentiation
22(1)
1.5.3 Environmental- and Consumer-Friendly Monosex Production
22(1)
1.6 Conclusions
23(12)
2 Sex Determination and Differentiation in Fish: Genetic, Genomic, and Endocrine Aspects
35(30)
Yann Guiguen
Alexis Fostier
Amaury Heroin
2.1 Introduction - Sex Determination in Fish: from Sex Control Applications in Cultured Fish Species to Basic Science Interests
35(1)
2.2 From Genetic Sex Determination to Environmental Sex Determination and the Other Way Round
36(1)
2.2.1 Genetic Sex Determination: "Usual Suspects, Newcomers, and Usurpers"
39(1)
2.2.2 A Glimpse into Environmental Sex Determination in Fish
47(1)
2.2.3 When GSD and TSD Blend
48(1)
2.3 Sex Differentiation as a Threshold Phenotype Relying on Fine Regulations of a Plastic Gene Regulatory Network
49(1)
2.3.1 The Classical Actors of the Fish Sex Differentiation Cascade
50(1)
2.3.2 Endocrine Regulation of Fish Sex Differentiation
51(1)
2.4 Mechanisms for the Emergence of New Master Sex-Determining Genes and Gene Regulatory Networks
52(13)
3 Epigenetics of Sex Determination and Differentiation in Fish
65(20)
Francesc Piferrer
3.1 Introduction
65(1)
3.2 Definition of Epigenetics
66(1)
3.3 Epigenetic Regulatory Mechanisms
66(1)
3.3.1 DNA Methylation
66(1)
3.3.2 Histone Modifications
67(1)
3.3.3 Non-Coding RNAs
68(1)
3.4 Transgenerational Effects
68(1)
3.5 Epigenetics and sex - General Considerations
69(1)
3.5.1 What Species can be More Fruitful to Study?
69(1)
3.5.2 What is the Best Developmental Period to Target?
70(1)
3.5.3 Are there Organs Other than the Gonads that should be Considered?
70(1)
3.5.4 Links with Ecotoxicology
70(1)
3.5.5 Does the Study of Epigenetics of Sex Determination-Differentiation have an Added Comparative Value?
70(1)
3.6 Epigenetics and Sex in Gonochoristic Species - Case Studies
71(1)
3.6.1 European Sea Bass
71(1)
3.6.2 Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
72(1)
3.6.3 Olive Flounder
72(1)
3.6.4 Nile Tilapia
73(1)
3.7 Epigenetics and Sex in Hermaphrodite Species - Case Studies
73(1)
3.7.1 Ricefield Eel
74(1)
3.7.2 Black Porgy
74(1)
3.7.3 Barramundi
75(1)
3.7.4 Mangrove Killifish
75(1)
3.8 The "Conserved Model of Epigenetic Regulation of Sexual Development in Fish"
75(2)
3.9 Epigenetics and Sex Control in Fish
77(1)
3.10 Open Questions and Future Perspectives
78(7)
4 Environmental Sex Determination and Sex Differentiation in Teleosts - How Sex Is Established
85(32)
Zhi-Gang Shen
Han-Ping Wang
4.1 Introduction
85(1)
4.2 Distinguishing TSD from GSD + TE
86(1)
4.3 How sex is Determined in ESD
87(1)
4.3.1 Epigenetics
89(1)
4.3.2 Hormone-Gene-Cell Interactions
90(5)
4.4 Temperature-Dependent Sex Differentiation
95(1)
4.4.1 Independent Genes to Interactions, Networks, and Comparative Analysis
95(1)
4.4.2 Yin and Yang in Sex Differentiation
99(2)
4.5 ESD in Aquaculture and Fisheries
101(16)
5 Gene Knockout and Its Principle and Application in Sex Control of Fish Species
117(20)
Ze-Xia Gao
Bruce W. Draper
5.1 Introduction
117(1)
5.2 Approaches for Gene Knockout
118(1)
5.2.1 ZFNs
118(1)
5.2.2 TALENs
119(1)
5.2.3 CRISPR/Cas9
120(2)
5.3 Sex Control in Zebrafish
122(1)
5.3.1 Sex Determination Mechanism of Zebrafish
122(1)
5.3.2 Genes Required for Male Development
123(1)
5.3.3 Genes Required for Female Development
124(1)
5.3.4 Genes Required for General Fertility
125(2)
5.4 Sex control in Medaka
127(1)
5.5 Sex control in Economic Fish Species
128(1)
5.6 Implications for Aquaculture
129(8)
6 Chromosome Manipulation Techniques and Applications to Aquaculture
137(26)
Katsutoshi Arai
Takafumi Fujimoto
6.1 Introduction
137(1)
6.2 Induced Triploidy
138(1)
6.2.1 Induction of Triploid Fish and Shellfish
138(1)
6.2.2 Performance of Triploid Fish and Shellfish
139(1)
6.2.3 Reversion of Triploids to Diploids - Newly Recognized Problem in Shellfish
140(1)
6.3 Induced Gynogenesis
140(1)
6.3.1 Induction of Gynogenetic Haploids by Using Irradiated Sperm
140(1)
6.3.2 Induction of Gynogenetic Diploids by Inhibition of Meiosis
140(2)
6.4 Induced Tetraploidy
142(1)
6.4.1 Induction of Tetraploid Fish
142(1)
6.4.2 Induction of Tetraploid Shellfish
143(1)
6.4.3 Cellular Mechanisms Responsible for Whole Genome Doubling
143(1)
6.4.4 Performance of Tetraploids
143(1)
6.4.5 Mosaics Including Tetraploid Cells
144(1)
6.5 Gynogenetic Doubled Haploids (DHs)
144(1)
6.5.1 Induction of Gynogenetic DHs
144(1)
6.5.2 Complete Homozygosity of Gynogenetic DHs
145(1)
6.5.3 Performance of Gynogenetic DHs
145(1)
6.6 Induced Androgenesis
145(1)
6.6.1 Induction of Androgenetic Haploids by Using Irradiated Eggs
145(1)
6.6.2 Induction of Androgenetic Doubled Haploids
146(1)
6.6.3 Androgenesis by Diploid Sperm and Dispermic Fertilization
146(1)
6.6.4 Cold Shock-Induced Androgenesis
147(1)
6.6.5 Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Hybrids by Androgenetic Techniques
148(1)
6.7 Clonal Lines Using Isogenic Gametes of DHs
149(1)
6.8 Distant Hybridization and Chromosome Manipulation
150(1)
6.8.1 Allotetraploid Hybrid Strain of Crucian Carp x Common Carp
150(1)
6.8.2 Allopolyploid Hybrid Strain of Crucian Carp x Blunt Snout Bream
151(1)
6.8.3 Natural Nucleo-Cytoplasmic Hybrid Clonal Strain of Crucian Carp
151(1)
6.8.4 Applications of Atypical Reproduction of Artificial Hybrid and Hybrid-Origin Species
151(2)
6.9 Sex Determination Inferred from Results of Chromosome Manipulation
153(1)
6.10 Conclusions and Perspectives
154(9)
7 Hybridization and Its Application in Aquaculture
163(16)
M. Aminur Rahman
Sang-Go Lee
Fatimah Md. Yusoff
S.M. Rafiquzzaman
7.1 Introduction
163(1)
7.2 Inter-specific Hybrids and Their Applications in Aquaculture
164(1)
7.2.1 Improved Growth Performances
164(1)
7.2.2 Production of Sterile Animals
166(1)
7.2.3 Manipulation of Sex Ratio
167(1)
7.2.4 Overall Improvement
167(1)
7.2.5 Disease Resistance and Environmental Tolerances
168(1)
7.2.6 Hybrid Polyploidization
168(1)
7.2.7 Experimental Hybridization
169(1)
7.2.8 Unplanned/Accidental Hybridization
170(1)
7.3 Discussion
171(1)
7.4 Conclusion
172(7)
8 Population Consequences of Releasing Sex-Reversed Fish: Applications and Concerns
179(10)
Claus Wedekind
8.1 Introduction
179(1)
8.1.1 The Threats of Distorted Population Sex Ratios
179(1)
8.1.2 Sex Determination and Sex Differentiation Fish
180(1)
8.2 Sex reversal and "Trojan" Genetic Elements
180(2)
8.3 Trojan Chromosome Carriers Produced in Brood Stocks
182(2)
8.4 Consequences of Releasing Sex-Reversed Fish
184(1)
8.5 Public and Legal Acceptance of Releasing Sex-Reversed Fish
184(5)
Part II Sex Determination and Control in Cichlidae
189(60)
9 Sex Control in Tilapias
191(44)
Jean-Francois Baroiller
Helena D'Cotta
9.1 Tilapia Species and their Aquaculture
191(2)
9.2 Is Sex Control Always Necessary for Tilapia Farming?
193(1)
9.2.1 Survey on Sex Control Methods in Tilapia Aquaculture and Interest in a Sexing Kit
194(2)
9.3 Genetic Sex Determination in the Four Most Important Tilapia Species
196(1)
9.3.1 Genetic Sex Determination in Nile Tilapia, O. niloticus
197(1)
9.3.2 Genetic Sex Determination in the Blue Tilapia, O. aureus
200(1)
9.3.3 Genetic Sex Determination in the Mozambique Tilapia, O. mossambicus
201(1)
9.3.4 Genetic Sex Determination in the Black-Chin Tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron
201(1)
9.4 Thermosensitivity: a Hereditary Factor that Affects Gonad Differentiation
202(4)
9.5 Sex Differentiation in Nile Tilapia: Molecular Markers for Selection of the Phenotypic Sex
206(1)
9.6 Current Approaches for Sex Control in Tilapias
206(1)
9.6.1 Sex Reversal Through Hormonal Treatments
206(1)
9.6.2 Genetic Approaches
215(4)
9.7 Future Approaches for Sex Control in Tilapias
219(1)
9.7.1 Precocious Identification of the Sexual Phenotype
219(1)
9.7.2 Genotypic Sexing
220(1)
9.7.3 Epigenetics of Sex
220(1)
9.7.4 Genome Editing: CRISPR/Cas9 Technology
222(1)
9.8 Conclusions and Perspectives
222(13)
10 Quantitative Genetics of Sexual Dimorphism in Tilapia and Its Application to Aquaculture
235(14)
Nguyen Hong Nguyen
10.1 Introduction
235(1)
10.2 Variation Between Species
236(1)
10.3 Differences Among Populations Within a Species
237(1)
10.4 Heritability for Growth-Related Traits in Females and Males
237(3)
10.5 Genetic Correlations Between Sexes
240(1)
10.6 Can Sexual Size Dimorphism be Altered by Selection for High Growth?
241(2)
10.7 Do Genetic Parameters for Sexual Dimorphism Differ Between Culture Environments?
243(1)
10.8 Sexual Dimorphism in Other Traits of Economic Importance
244(1)
10.9 Concluding Remarks and Suggestions
245(4)
Part III Sex Determination and Control in Salmonidae
249(56)
11 Sex Determination and Sex Control in Salmonidae
251(30)
Yann Guiguen
Sylvain Bertho
Amaury Herpin
Alexis Fostier
11.1 Salmonids Family
251(1)
11.2 Salmonid Aquaculture
252(1)
11.3 Why Control the Sex of Salmonids?
253(1)
11.4 Genetic Sex Determination in Salmonids
254(1)
11.4.1 Sex Chromosomes
254(1)
11.4.2 Gynogenesis, Androgenesis and Sex Inversion
255(1)
11.4.3 Genetic Sex Markers and the Sex-Determining Gene
256(1)
11.5 Effect of Environmental Factors on Sex Differentiation
257(1)
11.6 Gonad Sex Differentiation in Salmonids
258(1)
11.6.1 Histological Differentiation
258(1)
11.6.2 Molecular Differentiation
260(1)
11.7 Methods of Sex Control
261(1)
11.7.1 Selective Sorting Based on Secondary Sexual Characters
261(1)
11.7.2 Direct Feminization
261(1)
11.7.3 Gynogenesis and Diploidization
262(1)
11.7.4 Production and Use of Neomales
263(3)
11.8 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
266(15)
12 Development and Application of Sex-Linked Markers in Salmonidae
281(16)
Cristian Araneda
Natalia Lam
Patricia Iturra
12.1 Introduction
281(1)
12.2 Development of Sex-Linked Markers in Salmonids
282(1)
12.2.1 OtY1/OtY8
283(1)
12.2.2 GH-V/GH-2 Genes
283(1)
12.2.3 OmyP9
284(1)
12.2.4 Omy-163
284(1)
12.2.5 OtY2/0tY3/0myY1
285(1)
12.2.6 Microsatellite Markers
285(1)
12.2.7 sdY Gene
286(2)
12.3 Evaluation of Sex Marker Applications in Salmonids
288(9)
13 Polyploidy Production in Salmonidae
297(8)
James J. Nagler
13.1 Introduction
297(1)
13.2 Triploid Production
298(2)
13.3 Tetraploid Production
300(1)
13.4 Conclusion
300(5)
Part IV Sex Determination and Control in Moronidae
305(54)
14 Genetic and Environmental Components of Sex Determination in the European Sea Bass
307(20)
Marc Vandeputte
Francesc Piferrer
14.1 Introduction to European Sea Bass Ecology and Reproductive Biology
307(1)
14.2 Karyotype, Genome
308(1)
14.3 Sex ratios in Farmed Populations
309(1)
14.4 Sex Ratios in Natural Populations
309(1)
14.5 The Genetic Component of Sex Determination in the European Sea Bass
310(2)
14.6 The Relationship Between Sex and Growth
312(1)
14.7 Influence of Manipulation of Early Growth on Sex Ratios
313(1)
14.8 Effects of Temperature on Sex Ratios
314(2)
14.9 Epigenetic Regulation of Sex Ratios
316(2)
14.10 Selection for Sex Ratio
318(2)
14.11 Concluding Remarks
320(7)
15 Morphological and Endocrine Aspects of Sex Differentiation in the European Sea Bass and Implications for Sex Control in Aquaculture
327(20)
Mercedes Blazquez
Eric Saillant
15.1 Introduction
327(1)
15.2 Morphological Aspects of Gonad Differentiation
328(1)
15.2.1 Chronology and Timing of Morphological Events
328(1)
15.2.2 Juvenile Intersexuality
329(2)
15.3 Relationship Between Growth and Sex Differentiation
331(2)
15.4 Endocrine Control of Sex Differentiation
333(3)
15.5 Sex Determination and Sex Control
336(2)
15.6 Molecular Markers of Sex Differentiation
338(1)
15.7 Transcriptomic Studies
339(1)
15.8 Concluding Remarks
340(7)
16 The Induction of Polyploidy, Gynogenesis, and Androgenesis in the European Sea Bass
347(12)
Alicia Felip
Francesc Piferrer
16.1 Introduction
347(1)
16.2 Induction of Triploidy
348(1)
16.3 Effects of Triploidy on Growth and Reproductive Performance
349(1)
16.4 Perspectives on the Use of Triploids
349(1)
16.5 Induction of Gynogenesis
350(1)
16.6 Effects of Gynogenesis on Growth, Gonadal Development, and Sex Ratios
351(2)
16.7 Perspectives on the Use of Gynogenetic Diploids
353(1)
16.8 Induction of Androgenesis
353(1)
16.9 Conclusions
354(5)
Part V Sex Determination and Control in Centrarchidae
359(70)
17 Sex Determination, Differentiation, and Control in Bluegill
361(24)
Han-Ping Wang
Zhi-Gang Shen
Ze-Xia Gao
Hong Yao
Dean Rapp
Paul O'Bryant
17.1 Introduction
361(2)
17.2 Sex Differentiation
363(1)
17.2.1 Gonadal Differentiation and Development
363(1)
17.2.2 Relationship of Gonadal Differentiation with Fish Size and Age
366(1)
17.2.3 The role of foxl2 and cypl9a1a Genes in Early Sex Differentiation in Bluegill
367(3)
17.3 Sex Determination
370(1)
17.3.1 Genotypic Sex Determination (GST)
370(1)
17.3.2 Temperature Effects on Sex Determination
373(1)
17.4 Sex Reversal
374(1)
17.4.1 Effects of Steroids and Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor on Sex Reversal and Gonadal Structure of Bluegill
374(1)
17.4.2 Effects of Nonsteroidal Aromatase Inhibitor on Gonadal Differentiation of Bluegill
375(1)
17.4.3 Summary of Bluegill Sunfish Sex-Reversal
376(3)
17.5 Large-Scale Production of All-Males or Mostly-Males
379(1)
17.5.1 Develop GMB-Producing Brood Stock for Large-Scale All-Male Production
379(1)
17.5.2 Growth Performance of Genetically Male Bluegill
379(1)
17.5.3 Establishment of Mostly-Male Groups of Bluegill by Grading Selection
380(1)
17.6 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
380(5)
18 Sex-Determining Mechanisms and Control of Sex Differentiation in Largemouth Bass and Crappies
385(20)
Tulin Arslan
18.1 Significance of Largemouth Bass and Crappies for Recreational Fishery and Aquaculture
385(1)
18.2 Reproductive Characteristics of Largemouth Bass and Crappies
386(1)
18.3 Benefits of Sex Control in Largemouth Bass and Crappie Culture
386(1)
18.4 Strategies Evaluated for Sex Control in Largemouth Bass and Crappies
387(1)
18.4.1 Interspecific Hybridization
387(1)
18.4.2 Triploidy
388(1)
18.4.3 Gynogenesis
389(1)
18.4.4 Hormonal Sex-Reversal
390(5)
18.5 Sex Determination Mechanisms in Largemouth Bass and Crappies
395(1)
18.6 Conclusion and Future Projections
396(9)
19 Hybridization and its Application in Centrarchids
405(24)
Zhi-Gang Shen
Han-Ping Wang
19.1 Introduction
405(1)
19.2 Phylogeny and Phylogeography
405(4)
19.3 Hybridization in Nature
409(1)
19.4 Artificial Hybridization and Sex Ratio of Hybrids
410(5)
19.5 Driving Forces of Hybridization
415(3)
19.6 Aquaculture of Sunfish Hybrids
418(1)
19.6.1 Hybrid Bluegill 1 - Green Sunfish female x Bluegill male (GB Hybrids)
418(1)
19.6.2 Hybrid Bluegill 2 - Redear Sunfish female x Bluegill male (RB Hybrids)
419(1)
19.6.3 Hybrid Crappie
419(1)
19.6.4 Hybrid Largemouth Bass
420(1)
19.7 Conclusion
420(9)
Sex Control In Aquaculture: Volume 2
List of Contributors
xv
Preface
xix
Acknowledgments
xxi
Part VI Sex Determination and Sex Control in Percidae
429(48)
20 Sex Determination and Monosex Female Production in Yellow Perch
431(14)
Han-Ping Wang
Zhi-Gang Shen
Hong Yao
Paul O'Bryant
Dean Rapp
20.1 Introduction
431(1)
20.2 Sexual Dimorphism
432(1)
20.2.1 Sexual Size Dimorphism (SSD)
432(1)
20.2.2 Sex-Specific Gene Expression Related to SSD
432(1)
20.3 Sex Ratio
433(1)
20.4 Sex Differentiation and Gonadal Morphogenesis
433(2)
20.5 Sex Determination
435(1)
20.5.1 Genome and Sex Chromosomes
435(1)
20.5.2 Search for Sex-Specific Markers
436(1)
20.5.3 Sex Determining System
437(1)
20.6 Sex Reversal
438(1)
20.7 Large-Scale Production of Monosex Populations Through Breeding
439(1)
20.7.1 Creating Large-Scale Monosex Population Through Progeny Testing
439(1)
20.7.2 Creating Large-Scale Monosex Population Without Progeny Testing
439(1)
20.7.3 Development of all-Female-Producing Brood Stock
440(1)
20.7.4 Performance of Genetically All-Female Populations
440(1)
20.8 Chromosome Manipulation
440(1)
20.8.1 Gynogenetic Approach for Monosex Populations
440(1)
20.8.2 Triploidy Induction
440(1)
20.9 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
441(4)
21 Sex Determination and Control in Eurasian Perch
445(16)
Carole Rougeot
21.1 Introduction
445(1)
21.2 Sex Determination Process in Eurasian Perch
446(1)
21.2.1 Gonad Morphogenesis
446(1)
21.2.2 Sex Chromosomes
446(1)
21.2.3 Sex-Determining Genes
448(1)
21.2.4 Sex Steroids
448(1)
21.2.5 Temperature Effect on Sex Determination
449(3)
21.3 Sex Control and All-Female Eurasian Perch Production
452(1)
21.3.1 Hormonal Control of Sex
452(1)
21.3.2 Production of XX Males
453(1)
21.3.3 Sperm Quality of Hormonally Sex-Reversed Males and Cryopreservation
454(1)
21.3.4 All-Female Production and Performances
455(1)
21.4 Sex Control by Chromosomes Set and Ploidy Manipulations
455(1)
21.4.1 Triploidization
455(1)
21.4.2 Gynogenesis
456(1)
21.5 Conclusions
456(5)
22 Sexual Dimorphism in Body Size and Form in Yellow Perch
461(16)
Hong-Wei Liang
Han-Ping Wang
Yan Meng
Hong Yao
Zhi-Gang Shen
Gui-Wei Zou
22.1 Introduction
461(1)
22.2 Examination of Sexual Dimorphism in Body Size
462(1)
22.3 Examination of Sexual Dimorphism in Body Form
463(3)
22.4 Growth Dimorphism in Different Culture Conditions
466(2)
22.5 Morphometric Traits for Analysis of Body Form
468(1)
22.6 Principal Component Analysis
468(2)
22.7 Discriminant Analysis
470(1)
22.8 Perspectives and Applications
471(6)
Part VII Sex Determination and Sex Control in Catfish
477(48)
23 Sex Determination, Gonadal Sex Differentiation, and Sex Control in Channel Catfish
479(16)
Reynaldo Patino
23.1 Introduction
479(1)
23.2 Sex Determination
479(1)
23.3 Morphological and Cytological Indices of Gonadal Sex Differentiation
480(1)
23.4 Signaling Mechanisms of Gonadal Sex Differentiation
481(1)
23.4.1 Feminizing Signals
481(1)
23.4.2 Masculinizing Signals
481(1)
23.4.3 Thyroid Hormone: a New Masculinizing Signal?
486(1)
23.5 Paradoxical Sex Reversal
486(1)
23.5.1 Paradoxical Feminization
486(1)
23.5.2 Paradoxical Masculinization
487(1)
23.6 Integrated Model of Signaling Mechanisms
487(1)
23.7 Sex Control
488(1)
23.7.1 Current Status
488(1)
23.7.2 Future Outlook
489(6)
24 Sexual Size Dimorphism, Sex Determination, and Sex Control in Yellow Catfish
495(14)
Jie Mei
Jian-Fang Gui
24.1 Sexual Dimorphism and Sex Determination
495(1)
24.1.1 The Phenotype and Molecular Mechanism of Sexual Size Dimorphism
495(1)
24.1.2 Sex Determination System
497(1)
24.2 Sex Control and All-Male Production
498(1)
24.2.1 Production of YY Super-Male
498(1)
24.2.2 Establishment of YY Female
498(1)
24.2.3 Development of Sex Chromosome-Linked DNA Markers
499(1)
24.2.4 Mass Production of XY All-Male
500(1)
24.3 Genetic Mechanism of Sex Determination
501(1)
24.3.1 Identification of Sex-Biased mRNA and miRNAs in the Testis and Ovary
501(1)
24.3.2 Differential Gene Expression Between XY and YY Testis
501(1)
24.4 Prospectives
502(1)
24.4.1 A Prospective Way to Improve the Quality of All-Male
502(1)
24.4.2 The Future Direction on Studying the Molecular Mechanism of Sex Determination
503(6)
25 Mechanisms of Feminization and Sex Differentiation in Southern Catfish
509(16)
Si-Ping Deng
Zhi-Hao Liu
De-Shou Wang
25.1 Mechanisms of Feminization in Southern Catfish
509(1)
25.1.1 Feminization by Micro-Environmental Changes?
509(1)
25.1.2 Feminization by Gynogenesis
510(1)
25.1.3 Complete Feminization by Feeding Limnodilus spp
511(1)
25.2 Sex Reversal in Southern Catfish
512(1)
25.2.1 Female-to-Male Sex Reversal
512(1)
25.2.2 Sex Reversal by the Blockage of Estrogen Production and Function
513(1)
25.3 Sex Differentiation in Southern Catfish
514(1)
25.3.1 Time of Sex Differentiation
514(1)
25.3.2 Genes Involved in Sex Differentiation
516(2)
25.4 Future Directions
518(1)
25.4.1 Genetic Sex Determination (GSD) or Environmental Sex Determination (ESD)
518(1)
25.4.2 Sex Determining Gene and Sex Determination Cascade
518(7)
Part VIII Sex Determination and Sex Control in Flatfishes
525(120)
26 Genomic and Epigenetic Aspects of Sex Determination in Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
527(20)
Song-Lin Chen
Qian Zhou
Chang-Wei Shao
26.1 Introduction to Sex Determination of the Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
527(1)
26.2 Genomic Foundation of Sex Determination in the Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
528(1)
26.2.1 Whole-Genome Sequencing
528(1)
26.2.2 Genomic Organization and Evolution of Sex Chromosomes
531(1)
26.2.3 Male Sex-Determining Gene dmrt1
534(1)
26.2.4 Other Sex-Related Genes
534(4)
26.3 Role of Epigenetic Regulation in Sex Determination and Sex Reversal in the Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
538(1)
26.3.1 Epigenetic Regulation Mechanism of Sex Determination
538(1)
26.3.2 Epigenetic Regulation Mechanism of Sex Reversal
541(2)
26.4 Conclusions and Future Directions
543(4)
27 Sex Identification and Control in Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
547(18)
Song-Lin Chen
Wen-Teng Xu
27.1 Isolation of Sex-Specific Marker and Identification of Genetic Sex
547(1)
27.1.1 Discovery of Female-Specific Amplified Fragment Length Polymorphism Marker and Identification of ZZ Male and ZW Female
547(1)
27.1.2 Discovery of Sex-Specific Simple Sequence Repeat Marker and Identification of ZZ Male, ZW Female and WW Superfemale
549(1)
27.1.3 Application of Sex-Specific Markers in Production of Fry with High Female Proportion
552(1)
27.2 Artificial Propagation
552(1)
27.2.1 Technical Principle
552(1)
27.2.2 Methods and Applications
553(1)
27.3 Artificial Gynogenesis
553(1)
27.3.1 Meiogynogenesis
554(1)
27.3.2 Mitogynogenesis
556(3)
27.4 Polyploid Induction
559(1)
27.4.1 Technical Principle
559(1)
27.4.2 Methods
559(1)
27.5 Future Perspectives for Sex Control in Half-Smooth Tongue Sole
560(5)
28 Reproduction and Sex Control in Turbot
565(18)
Xoana Taboada
Diego Robledo
Carmen Bouza
Francesc Piferrer
Ana Maria Vinas
Paulino Martinez
28.1 Introduction to Turbot Biology and Aquaculture
565(1)
28.2 Sex Determination in Turbot
566(3)
28.3 Sex Differentiation in Turbot
569(2)
28.4 Sex Control in Turbot
571(1)
28.4.1 Environmental Control
571(1)
28.4.2 Hormone Treatments
573(1)
28.4.3 Triploidy
574(1)
28.4.4 Gynogenesis
574(1)
28.4.5 Molecular Tool for Sex Identification
576(1)
28.5 Concluding Remarks and Future Perspectives
577(6)
29 Sex Control in Southern and Summer Flounder
583(20)
Xiang-Shan Ji
Song-Lin Chen
Yan Zhao
Jamie Mankiewicz Honeycutt
Russell J. Borski
J. Adam Luckenbach
29.1 Introduction
583(1)
29.1.1 Life Histories of Southern and Summer Flounder
583(1)
29.1.2 Commercial Aquaculture
584(1)
29.1.3 Sexually Dimorphic Growth
584(1)
29.1.4 Sex Determination
585(1)
29.2 Larval Development and Sex Differentiation
585(1)
29.2.1 Embryonic and Larval Development of Southern Flounder
585(1)
29.2.2 Sex Differentiation and Sexual Maturity of Southern Flounder
585(1)
29.2.3 Embryonic and Larval Development of Summer Flounder
586(1)
29.2.4 Sex Differentiation and Sexual Maturity of Summer Flounder
586(1)
29.2.5 Early Markers of Sex Differentiation in Flounder
587(1)
29.3 Sex Control in Southern Flounder
588(1)
29.3.1 Gynogenesis
588(1)
29.3.2 Temperature Induced Sex Control
591(1)
29.3.3 Hormone Treatment for Sex Reversal
592(1)
29.4 Sex Control in Summer Flounder
592(1)
29.4.1 Meiotic Gynogenesis
592(1)
29.4.2 Temperature Induced Sex Control
594(1)
29.4.3 Hormone Treatment for Sex Reversal
595(1)
29.5 Other Factors Influencing Sex
595(1)
29.6 Conclusions and Future Directions
596(7)
30 Gynogenesis and Sex Control in Japanese Flounder
603(18)
Ji-Lun Hou
Hai-Jin Liu
30.1 Introduction
603(1)
30.2 Artificially Induced Gynogenesis
604(1)
30.2.1 Induced Meiogynogenesis in the Japanese Flounder
604(1)
30.2.2 Induced Mitogynogenesis in the Japanese Flounder
605(2)
30.3 Production of Clones
607(1)
30.3.1 Production of Homozygous Clones
607(1)
30.3.2 Production of Heterozygous Clones
610(3)
30.4 Sex Control
613(2)
30.5 Perspectives
615(6)
31 Sex Determination, Differentiation, and Control in Atlantic Halibut and Pacific Halibut
621(10)
Tillmann J. Benfey
31.1 Introduction
621(1)
31.2 Sex Determination
622(1)
31.3 Sexual Differentiation
623(2)
31.4 Sex Control
625(2)
31.5 Conclusions
627(4)
32 Sex-Specific Markers, Gynogenesis, and Sex Control in Spotted Halibut
631(14)
Hong-Yu Ma
Song-Lin Chen
Xiang-Shan Ji
32.1 Introduction
631(1)
32.2 Methods and Applications
632(1)
32.3 Isolation of Sex-Specific AFLP Markers
633(1)
32.4 Construction and Characterization of a Genetic Linkage Map
634(1)
32.5 Development and Evaluation of Gynogenesis Technique
634(3)
32.6 Comparison of Current Technologies
637(8)
Part IX Sex Determination and Sex Control in Sturgeons
645(44)
33 Sex Determination in Sturgeon
647(22)
Sven Wuertz
Hilal Giiralp
Martin P§enieka
Mikhail Chebanov
33.1 Introduction
647(2)
33.2 Sex Determination and Differentiation
649(1)
33.2.1 Cyto-anatomical Gonad Differentiation
649(1)
33.2.2 Sex Determining Genes Controlling Early Cyto-Anatomical Sex Differentiation
652(2)
33.3 Genetic Sex Determination (GSD)
654(2)
33.4 Sexing in Aquaculture
656(1)
33.5 Control of Sex - All-Female Stocks?
657(3)
33.6 Conclusions
660(9)
34 Hybridization and Polyploidization in Sturgeon
669(20)
Milos Havelka
Katsutoshi Arai
34.1 Introduction
669(1)
34.2 Chromosome Manipulation
670(1)
34.2.1 Gynogenesis
670(1)
34.2.2 Androgenesis
674(1)
34.2.3 Polyploidization
676(3)
34.3 Hybridization
679(1)
34.4 Induced Sex Reversion
680(1)
34.5 Conclusions and Future Perspectives
681(8)
Part X Sex Determination and Sex Control in Crustaceans
689(34)
35 Sex Control in Cultured Decapod Crustaceans
691(14)
Tom Levy
Eliahu D. Aflalo
Amir Sagi
35.1 Sex Determination and Differentiation in Decapod Crustaceans
691(3)
35.2 Regulation of Decapod Sexual Development
694(1)
35.3 Monosex Aquaculture of Decapod Crustaceans
695(1)
35.4 Commercial Biotechnologies to Achieve Monosex Aquaculture of Decapod Crustaceans
696(9)
36 Sex Reversal and Determination and Sex Control in Shrimp and Prawn
705(18)
Danitzia A. Guerrero-Tortolero
Rafael Campos-Ramos
36.1 Introduction
705(1)
36.2 Sex Reversal Techniques and Male Monosex Aquaculture in Freshwater Species
706(1)
36.2.1 Sex Reversal in M. Rosenbergii
706(1)
36.2.2 Sex Reversal in Crayfish
706(1)
36.2.3 Sex Reversal Techniques Changed from "Manual" to Molecular Biotechnology
707(1)
36.3 Sex Reversal Techniques in Penaeids
708(1)
36.4 Sex Determination
708(1)
36.4.1 Sex Determination System in Freshwater Species, and Interspecific Hybrids
709(1)
36.4.2 Sex Determination System in Penaeid Species (Triploid and Tetraploid Shrimp)
709(3)
36.5 Sex Determination Mechanisms in Insects
712(1)
36.5.1 Sex Determining Insect Genes Identified in Class Branchiopoda; Daphniidae
713(1)
36.5.2 Sex Determining Insect Genes Identified in Macrobrachium Nipponense
713(1)
36.5.3 Sex Determining Insect Genes Identified in Penaeids
713(1)
36.5.4 Sex Determining Insect Genes Identified in Crabs
714(1)
36.6 Sex Determination Mechanisms in C. elegans
714(1)
36.6.1 Fern Genes in Macrobrachium Nipponense
714(1)
36.6.2 Fern Genes in Penaeids
715(1)
36.6.3 Fern Genes in Crabs
715(1)
36.7 Concluding Remarks
715(8)
Part XI Sex Determination and Sex Control in Other Fish Species
723(102)
37 Sex Determination, Differentiation, and Control in Atlantic Cod
725(10)
Tillmann J. Benfey
37.1 Introduction
725(1)
37.2 Sex Determination
725(3)
37.3 Sexual Differentiation
728(1)
37.4 Sex Control
729(1)
37.5 Triploidy
730(1)
37.6 Conclusions
731(1)
37.7 Future Studies
731(4)
38 Sex Differentiation, Sex Change, and Sex Control in Groupers
735(16)
Masaru Nakamura
Yasuhisa Kobayashi
38.1 Introduction
735(1)
38.2 Sex Differentiation in Grouper
736(1)
38.2.1 Histological Characteristics of Sex Differentiation
736(1)
38.2.2 Endocrine Mechanism of Sex Differentiation
737(1)
38.2.3 Role of Gonadotropin in Sex Differentiation
738(1)
38.3 Sex Change of Grouper
739(1)
38.3.1 Histological Characteristics of Gonads During Sex Change
739(1)
38.3.2 Endocrine Mechanism of Sex Change
740(1)
38.3.3 Role of Gonadotropin in Sex Change
741(1)
38.4 Artificial Induction of Sex Reversal
742(1)
38.4.1 Artificial Induction of Sex Reversal in Juveniles
742(1)
38.4.2 Artificial Sex Reversal in Adults
744(1)
38.5 Discussion
745(6)
39 Artificial Gynogenesis and Sex Control in Large Yellow Croaker
751(24)
Zhi-Yong Wang
Ming-Yi Cai
39.1 Introduction
751(1)
39.2 Sexual Growth Dimorphism
751(1)
39.3 Induction and Genetic Analysis of Artificial Gynogenesis
752(1)
39.3.1 Meio-Gynogenesis
752(1)
39.3.2 Mito-Gynogenesis
758(5)
39.4 Sex Determination in Large Yellow Croaker
763(1)
39.4.1 Elucidation of Sex-Determining Systems Without the Use of Markers
763(1)
39.4.2 Karyotypical Analysis
764(1)
39.4.3 DNA Markers for Sex
764(3)
39.5 Histological Observation on Gonadal Sex Differentiation
767(1)
39.6 Effects of Exogenous Hormone and Temperature on Sex Differentiation of Large Yellow Croaker
768(3)
39.7 Conclusions and Perspectives
771(1)
39.7.1 Culture Platforms and Technology
771(1)
39.7.2 Parameters of Sex Control
771(1)
39.7.3 Mechanism of Sex Determination and Differentiation
771(1)
39.7.4 Relations Between Growth and Gonad Development
772(3)
40 Sex Determination and Control in Eels
775(18)
Xian-Cheng Qu
40.1 Introduction
775(1)
40.2 Biology of the Rice Field Eel
775(1)
40.2.1 Basic Biology
775(1)
40.2.2 Genome and Karyotype
776(1)
40.2.3 Life Cycle
776(1)
40.2.4 Histology of Gonadal Development
776(1)
40.3 Sex Determination and Differentiation in the Rice Field Eel
777(1)
40.3.1 Roles of Certain Key Genes in Sex Determination and Differentiation
777(1)
40.3.2 Summary and Perspectives
781(1)
40.4 Sex Control
781(1)
40.4.1 Sex Control in the Rice Field Eel
782(1)
40.4.2 Sex Control in the Other Eels
782(1)
40.4.3 Summary and Perspectives
785(8)
41 Sex Control and Chromosome Manipulation in Cyprinidae: Common Carp and Grass Carp
793(32)
Boris Gomelsky
William L. Shelton
41.1 Introduction
793(1)
41.2 Management of Reproduction - Artificial Propagation and Sex Manipulation
793(3)
41.3 Common Carp
796(1)
41.3.1 Genetic Sex Determination
796(1)
41.3.2 Sex Differentiation
796(1)
41.3.3 Inducement of Sex Reversal by Androgens and Aromatase Inhibitors
797(1)
41.3.4 Genetic Sex Regulation and Advantage of Raising All-Female Progenies
803(1)
41.3.5 Induced Gynogenesis
804(1)
41.3.6 Induced Triploidy
805(1)
41.4 Grass Carp
806(1)
41.4.1 Artificial Propagation and Sex Manipulation
806(1)
41.4.2 Sex Determination
808(1)
41.4.3 Sex Differentiation
809(1)
41.4.4 Age-Size Effects on Gonadal Differentiation
809(1)
41.4.5 Density-Dependent Growth Management
810(1)
41.4.6 Grass Carp Sex Manipulation - Initial Development (1973-1984)
810(1)
41.4.7 Integrated Monosex Breeding Program Verification: Albino Grass Carp Model (1994-2000)
814(1)
41.4.8 Commercial Triploid Production in the United States
816(9)
Index - Species
825(7)
Index - Subjects
832
About the Editors

HAN-PING WANG is Principal Scientist and Director of the Aquaculture Research Center, and Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, at The Ohio State University, Piketon, Ohio, USA

FRANCESC PIFERRER is Research Professor and head of the Group of Biology of Reproduction at the Institute of Marine Sciences, Spanish National Research Council, Barcelona, Spain

SONG-LIN CHEN is Professor and Director of the Lab for Aquaculture Biotechnology and Genomics at Yellow Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Qingdao, China

Associate Editor

ZHI-GANG SHEN is Associate Professor at the College of Fisheries, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, China, and Aquaculture Genetics and Breeding Laboratory, The Ohio State University South Centers, Piketon, USA
Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām Biežāk uzdotie jautājumi par e-grāmatām
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