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E-grāmata: Speech Acts and Clause Types: English in a Cross-Linguistic Context

(Professor of English Linguistics, University of Hamburg)
  • Formāts: 352 pages
  • Sērija : Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics
  • Izdošanas datums: 22-Feb-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191027987
  • Formāts - EPUB+DRM
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  • Formāts: 352 pages
  • Sērija : Oxford Textbooks in Linguistics
  • Izdošanas datums: 22-Feb-2018
  • Izdevniecība: Oxford University Press
  • Valoda: eng
  • ISBN-13: 9780191027987

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This book is an introduction to the relationship between the morphosyntactic properties of sentences and their associated illocutionary forces or force potentials. The volume begins with several chapters dedicated to important theoretical and methodological issues, such as sentence and utterance meaning, illocutionary force, clause types, and cross-linguistic comparison. The bulk of the book is then composed of chapter-length case studies that systematically investigate typologically prominent clause types and their forces, such as declaratives and assertions, interrogatives and questions, and imperatives and commands. These case studies begin with an overview of the necessary theoretical foundations, followed by a discussion of the grammatical structures of English, and an assessment of the relevant cross-linguistic facts. Each chapter ends with a succinct summary of the most important findings, practice exercises, and recommendations for further reading and research. Overall, the book works towards developing a gradient model of clause types that goes substantially beyond the traditional distinction between major and minor clause types. It draws on insights from linguistics, philosophy, and sociology, and may be used as a textbook for undergraduate or graduate courses in semantics, pragmatics, and morphosyntax.

Recenzijas

thought-provoking and as such would inspire future research ... a valuable contribution to research on speech acts and clause types in English ... I am, therefore, happy to highly recommend the book to researchers of English and general linguistics, in particular to those interested in semantics, pragmatics and the interface between syntax, semantics and pragmatics. * Hang Su, Discourse Studies *

Acknowledgements xiii
List of figures and tables xv
Abbreviations xxi
1 Introduction 1(31)
1.1 Speaking as doing
2(2)
1.2 Sentence meaning and utterance meaning
4(3)
1.3 Literal meaning and strategies for its enrichment
7(3)
1.4 Clause types and speech acts
10(6)
1.5 Cross-linguistic comparison
16(5)
1.6 Cross-cultural pragmatics
21(4)
1.7 Structure of the book, target audience, and goals
25(2)
1.8 Summary
27(1)
1.9 Topics for further research
28(1)
1.10 Exercises
29(3)
2 Illocutionary acts and illocutionary force 32(32)
2.1 Meaning and force
33(4)
2.2 Performative and constative utterances
37(4)
2.3 Taxonomies of illocutionary acts
41(4)
2.4 Direct and indirect speech acts
45(4)
2.5 Politeness theory
49(5)
2.6 Conversation analysis
54(4)
2.7 Summary
58(1)
2.8 Topics for further research
59(2)
2.9 Exercises
61(3)
3 Clauses and clause types 64(30)
3.1 Clauses and sentences
65(4)
3.2 Clause types
69(6)
3.2.1 The function of clause types
70(2)
3.2.2 Construction and composition
72(3)
3.3 Formal exponents of clause types
75(4)
3.4 Intonation
79(5)
3.4.1 Intonation is independent of morphosyntactic clause typing
79(3)
3.4.2 The intonation of questions and statements
82(2)
3.5 Major and minor clause types
84(3)
3.6 Clause type paradigms
87(2)
3.7 Summary
89(1)
3.8 Topics for further research
90(1)
3.9 Exercises
91(3)
4 Functional typology 94(33)
4.1 Comparing languages
95(8)
4.2 Properties languages may have
103(6)
4.2.1 Tone systems
104(1)
4.2.2 Uncommon consonants
104(1)
4.2.3 Rare word orders
105(1)
4.2.4 Highly complex case and gender systems
106(3)
4.3 Properties languages may lack
109(2)
4.3.1 Lateral consonants
109(1)
4.3.2 Plural marking on personal pronouns
110(1)
4.3.3 Distance contrasts in demonstratives
110(1)
4.3.4 Ordinal numbers
111(1)
4.4 Grammaticalization
111(4)
4.5 Language universals
115(5)
4.6 Explanations
120(2)
4.7 Summary
122(1)
4.8 Topics for further research
122(2)
4.9 Exercises
124(3)
5 Declaratives and assertions 127(32)
5.1 The meaning and force of declaratives
128(8)
5.1.1 Assertive uses
129(2)
5.1.2 Epistemic uses
131(2)
5.1.3 Explicit and implicit performatives
133(2)
5.1.4 Are declarative clauses force-neutral?
135(1)
5.2 English declarative clauses
136(9)
5.2.1 Structural properties
136(2)
5.2.2 The usage of English declarative clauses
138(1)
5.2.3 Modal verbs
139(2)
5.2.4 Declarative questions
141(3)
5.2.5 Declarative commands
144(1)
5.3 A cross-linguistic view on declarative clauses
145(10)
5.3.1 Basic word order patterns and their distribution
146(1)
5.3.2 Interaction with mood and modality
147(5)
5.3.3 Evidentiality
152(3)
5.4 Summary
155(1)
5.5 Topics for further research
155(1)
5.6 Exercises
156(3)
6 Polar interrogatives and yes-no questions 159(34)
6.1 The meaning and force of polar interrogatives
160(10)
6.1.1 Direct and indirect speech acts
162(3)
6.1.2 Constructional polysemy
165(3)
6.1.3 Answers and responses
168(2)
6.2 The form and function of polar interrogatives in English
170(6)
6.2.1 Polar interrogative clauses
170(2)
6.2.2 Interrogative tags (tag questions)
172(2)
6.2.3 The usage of polar interrogatives in English
174(2)
6.3 A cross-linguistic view on polar interrogatives
176(11)
6.3.1 Major strategies to encode yes-no questions
177(5)
6.3.2 Answer systems
182(2)
6.3.3 The usage of polar interrogatives and questions
184(3)
6.4 Summary
187(1)
6.5 Topics for further research
188(1)
6.6 Exercises
189(4)
7 Constituent interrogatives and content questions 193(36)
7.1 Questionhood and content questions
194(7)
7.1.1 The meaning and force of constituent interrogatives
195(4)
7.1.2 The social economics of questions
199(2)
7.2 The form and function of constituent interrogatives in English
201(9)
7.2.1 Types and functions of interrogative words
202(2)
7.2.2 The position of interrogative words
204(2)
7.2.3 Constructions based on constituent interrogatives
206(1)
7.2.4 The usage of constituent interrogatives in English
207(3)
7.3 A cross-linguistic view on constituent interrogatives
210(14)
7.3.1 The marking of constituent interrogatives
210(3)
7.3.2 The position of interrogative words
213(5)
7.3.3 Meaning and form of interrogative words
218(4)
7.3.4 The usage of constituent interrogatives
222(2)
7.4 Summary
224(1)
7.5 Topics for further research
225(1)
7.6 Exercises
226(3)
8 Imperatives and commands 229(38)
8.1 The meaning and force of imperatives
230(8)
8.1.1 Imperatives and illocutionary force
231(4)
8.1.2 The meaning of imperatives
235(3)
8.2 English imperatives
238(8)
8.2.1 Structural properties
238(6)
8.2.2 The usage of imperatives in English
244(2)
8.3 A cross-linguistic view on imperatives and related categories
246(16)
8.3.1 The encoding of imperatives
247(7)
8.3.2 Negative imperatives: prohibitives
254(4)
8.3.3 Related categories and strategies of encoding
258(4)
8.4 Summary
262(1)
8.5 Topics for further research
263(1)
8.6 Exercises
264(3)
9 Exclamatives and exclamations 267(34)
9.1 The meaning and force of exclamations
268(4)
9.1.1 Affective stance, scalar extent, and speaker viewpoint
269(1)
9.1.2 Factivity and referential identifiability
270(2)
9.2 Exclamative clauses in English
272(15)
9.2.1 The encoding of exclamations
273(5)
9.2.2 The usage of exclamative clauses in English
278(5)
9.2.3 Explaining the usage of what/how-exclamatives
283(4)
9.3 A cross-linguistic view on exclamatives and exclamations
287(8)
9.3.1 Constructions encoding exclamations
288(3)
9.3.2 Languages boasting an exclamative clause type
291(4)
9.4 Summary
295(1)
9.5 Topics for further research
296(2)
9.6 Exercises
298(3)
10 Minor clause types 301(34)
10.1 Form types
302(7)
10.1.1 Minor clause types introduced by wh-forms
302(3)
10.1.2 Minor clause types introduced by modal verbs
305(2)
10.1.3 Finite subordinate clauses
307(1)
10.1.4 Non-finite subordinate clauses
308(1)
10.1.5 Incredulity response constructions
308(1)
10.1.6 Formulae
309(1)
10.2 Functions of minor clause types
309(2)
10.3 Insubordination
311(8)
10.3.1 Between langue and parole
312(1)
10.3.2 Degrammaticalization and reanalysis
313(4)
10.3.3 Insubordination and ellipsis
317(2)
10.4 A cross-linguistic view on minor clause types
319(10)
10.4.1 Subordinate verb forms
319(2)
10.4.2 Subordinating conjunctions and complementizers
321(3)
10.4.3 Subordinating interrogative words
324(2)
10.4.4 Subordinate word order
326(1)
10.4.5 Functions of insubordination
326(3)
10.5 Summary
329(1)
10.6 Topics for further research
330(1)
10.7 Exercises
331(4)
11 Performative verbs and social actions 335(30)
11.1 Social actions
336(6)
11.2 Performative verbs: the lexical encoding of social actions
342(9)
11.2.1 English assertives
347(1)
11.2.2 English commissives
348(1)
11.2.3 English directives
348(1)
11.2.4 English declaratives (declarations)
349(1)
11.2.5 English expressives
350(1)
11.3 The performative hypothesis
351(3)
11.4 A cross-linguistic view on performative verbs
354(6)
11.4.1 Differences in form
354(2)
11.4.2 Differences in meaning
356(1)
11.4.3 Distributional differences
357(3)
11.5 Summary
360(1)
11.6 Topics for further research
361(1)
11.7 Exercises
362(3)
12 Summary and outlook 365(50)
12.1 The morphosyntax of clause types
366(3)
12.2 The meaning of clause types
369(3)
12.3 The force of clause types
372(5)
12.4 The distribution of clause types
377(5)
12.5 A gradient model of clause types
382(8)
12.6 Summary
390(1)
12.7 Topics for further research
390(1)
12.8 Exercises
391(4)
References
395(20)
Language index 415(2)
Name index 417(5)
Subject index 422
Peter Siemund has been Professor of English Linguistics at the University of Hamburg since 2001. He pursues a cross-linguistic typological approach in his work on reflexivity and self-intensifiers, pronominal gender, interrogative constructions, speech acts and clause types, argument structure, tense and aspect, varieties of English, and language contact. His many publications include, as author, Pronominal Gender in English: A Study of English Varieties from a Cross-Linguistic Perspective (Routledge, 2008) and Varieties of English: A Typological Approach (CUP 2013), and, as editor, Linguistic Universals and Language Variation (Mouton de Gruyter 2011) and Foreign Language Learning in Multilingual Classrooms (with Andreas Bonnet; John Benjamins 2017).