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E-grāmata: Stress and Your Health - From Vulnerability to Resilience: From Vulnerability to Resilience [Wiley Online]

(Carleton University)
  • Formāts: 296 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-May-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1118850351
  • ISBN-13: 9781118850350
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
  • Wiley Online
  • Cena: 30,51 €*
  • * this price gives unlimited concurrent access for unlimited time
  • Formāts: 296 pages
  • Izdošanas datums: 08-May-2015
  • Izdevniecība: Wiley-Blackwell
  • ISBN-10: 1118850351
  • ISBN-13: 9781118850350
Citas grāmatas par šo tēmu:
"Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience presents an evidence-based evaluation of the various effects of stress, along with methods to alleviate distress and stress-related illnesses. Examines myriad stressor effects and proven ways to alleviate stress in our lives Covers a wide range of stressor-related topics including therapeutic strategies to deal with stress and factors that hinder treatment of stress Makes difficult biochemical and immunological concepts accessible to a non-specialist audience Addresses many of the factors that cause individuals to be more vulnerable to the impact of stressors and at increased risk for pathology "--

Without question, stress is the leading contributor to psychological disorders worldwide. Responsible for myriad illnesses, stressful events are now associated with everything from depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to heart disease, diabetes, and even neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's. And due to the complexities of modern society, it is virtually certain that stress will become increasingly prevalent in all of our lives.

Stress and Your Health. From Vulnerability Resilience offers readers an evidence-based evaluation of a wide range of stressor effects, along with proven methods to alleviate distress and stress-related illnesses. A wide range of stressor-related topics are addressed, including social psychological and biological components, stress-related pathologies, and various therapeutic strategies to deal with stress as well as the factors that often hinder treatments. Also covered are factors that cause individuals to be more vulnerable to the impact of stressors and at increased risk for pathology, along with elements such as genetic predisposition and various coping processes that engender resilience in some individuals even in the presence of severe stressors.

Written in a lively, jargon-free manner to make even the most difficult biological and immunological concepts accessible to a wide audience, Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience offers invaluable insights into ways to identify and alleviate one of the most insidious realities of modern life.

Hymie Anisman, a world-renowned expert in stress physiology, explains in clear, down-to-earth and often humorous language why Mom was right. Cold weather does not cause the common cold, but it can make the symptoms worse. Stress does not cause cancer, but it can affect the progression and efficacy of treatment. And, as Professor Anisman explains, the list of stress-associated maladies goes on and on. Informed, insightful, and up-to-date with the newest research findings. Required reading for patients and scientists alike.

Keith W. Kelley, Professor Emeritus of Immunophysiology, University of Illinois

Stress is in many ways a defining psychological topic of our times, but it is fiendishly difficult to come to grips with. In Stress and Your Health Hymie Anisman shows not only why he is a leading researcher in the field but also why he is a great teacher. For it is impossible not to be impressed by the scope of the book and the breadth of its scholarship; while at the same time one is struck by the ease with which complex ideas are communicated and integrated. The result is a masterful text that works on a number of levels and speaks powerfully to the range of audiences with an interest in this subject matter -- researchers, students and lay readers alike.

Alex Haslam, School of Psychology, University of Queensland

Although the management of certain types of stress is critical to our health, hardly anyone outside academia knows much about the nature of stress nor how to manage it. Hymie Anisman's book, Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience, provides a very readable solution. He has written a masterful description of complex biological and psychological processes that is accessible and written with his unique and wonderful sense of humor. It will be valuable both to the interested lay reader as well as serious students of behavioural neuroscience.

Bryan Kolb, Department of Neuroscience, University of Lethbridge

The level of perceived stress is on the rise throughout the world, as is the burden of illness attributable to mental illness. There is a clear link between stress and mental illness; Dr. Anisman's book is not only timely but also very informative about how the body perceives and deals with daily stressors, and how one to cope with stress and its consequences. This delightful book falls in the must read category and will readily resonate with audience of diverse backgrounds.

Zul Merali, Ph.D., President & CEO, The University of Ottawa Institute of Mental Health Research

Without question, stress is the leading contributor to psychological disorders worldwide. Responsible for myriad illnesses, stressful events are now associated with everything from depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) to heart disease, diabetes, and even neurodegenerative disorders such as Alzheimer's. And due to the complexities of modern society, it is virtually certain that stress will become increasingly prevalent in all of our lives.

Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience offers readers an evidence-based evaluation of a wide range of stressor effects, along with proven methods to alleviate distress and stress-related illnesses. A wide range of stressor-related topics are addressed, including social psychological and biological components, stress-related pathologies, and various therapeutic strategies to deal with stress -- as well as the factors that often hinder treatments. Also covered are factors that cause individuals to be more vulnerable to the impact of stressors and at increased risk for pathology, along with elements such as genetic predisposition and various coping processes that engender resilience in some individuals even in the presence of severe stressors.

Written in a lively, jargon-free manner to make even the most difficult biological and immunological concepts accessible to a wide audience, Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience offers invaluable insights into ways to identify and alleviate one of the most insidious realities of modern life.

Stress and Your Health: From Vulnerability to Resilience presents an evidence-based evaluation of the various effects of stress, along with methods to alleviate distress and stress-related illnesses.

  • Examines myriad stressor effects and proven ways to alleviate stress in our lives
  • Covers a wide range of stressor-related topics including therapeutic strategies to deal with stress and factors that hinder treatment of stress
  • Makes difficult biochemical and immunological concepts accessible to a non-specialist audience
  • Addresses many of the factors that cause individuals to be more vulnerable to the impact of stressors and at increased risk for pathology
Preface xiii
Acknowledgments xvi
1 Stressors, Stress, and Distress 1(11)
What this book is about
1(2)
What do we mean when we talk about stressors?
3(8)
The characteristics of stressors: comparing apples, oranges, and lemons
5(5)
Chronic stressors and allostatic overload
10(1)
Before you go...
11(1)
2 Individual Differences in Relation to Stressors and Stress Responses 12(9)
Vulnerability and resilience
13(7)
Genetic influences
13(4)
Age
17(1)
Sex
18(1)
Personality differences in relation to stress responses
18(1)
Previous stressor experiences
19(1)
Stress generation
19(1)
Before you go...
20(1)
3 Appraising Stressful Events 21(14)
Appraising stressors
22(6)
Guidance through primary and secondary appraisals
22(1)
Thinking fast and slow
22(3)
Guideposts and anchors
25(2)
Appraisals based on what others think
27(1)
Appraisals in relation to learning, memory, automaticity, expectation, and habit
28(2)
Positive and negative emotions
30(1)
Gauging stressors
31(2)
Before you go...
33(2)
4 Coping with Stressors 35(15)
First responses to stressors
36(1)
Coping methods
36(2)
Personal growth and finding meaning
38(2)
Social support
40(2)
Loneliness
40(2)
Unsupportive interactions
42(4)
Social rejection
44(2)
Forgiveness and trust
46(2)
Empathy
48(1)
Before you go...
48(2)
5 Hormones and What They Do 50(19)
What's a hormone?
51(1)
Linking hormones and behaviors
51(3)
The hormonal stress response
54(1)
Hormones of the autonomic nervous system
54(1)
The hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and glucocorticoids
55(5)
What cortisol (corticosterone) does for us
55(1)
The cortisol/corticosterone response to an acute stressor
55(1)
Cortisol variations in humans
56(3)
Yesterday's stressors influence today's responses
59(1)
A cacophony of hormones associated with stress, eating and energy regulation: leptin, ghrelin, CRH, and neuropeptide Y
60(2)
Oxytocin and positive responses
62(2)
Estrogen and testosterone
64(3)
Before you go...
67(2)
6 Neurotransmitter Processes and Growth Factors 69(15)
Neuronal and glial processes in relation to challenges
70(2)
Stressors influence neurotransmitter functioning
72(8)
Acetylcholine (ACh)
72(3)
Serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine
75(1)
Corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH): beyond the HPA system
76(2)
Glutamate
78(1)
Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
79(1)
Cannabinoids
79(1)
Neurotrophic factors
80(2)
The past influences the future
82(1)
Before you go...
83(1)
7 Immunological Effects of Stressors 84(11)
A brief look at how the immune system works
85(1)
Cells of the immune system
86(1)
Immune memories
87(1)
Cytokines: messenger molecules of the immune system
88(1)
Immune-hormone interactions
88(3)
Stress, brain processes, and immunological changes
91(2)
Cytokine changes in response to stressors
93(1)
Before you go....
93(2)
8 Stress across the Life Span 95(13)
Connections over time
96(1)
Prenatal experiences
96(5)
Biological correlates of prenatal stress in humans
98(1)
Consequences of prenatal infection in animals and humans
99(2)
Stress experienced early in life
101(3)
Transitional periods
104(2)
Older age
106(1)
Before you go...
107(1)
9 Cardiovascular Disease 108(13)
Coronary artery disease (CAD)
109(1)
The heart's response to a challenge
109(1)
Psychosocial factors associated with heart disease
110(1)
The influence of stressors on heart disease
110(5)
Job strain
112(1)
Depressive illness and heart disease
113(1)
Socioeconomic status (SES)
114(1)
Sex-dependent trajectories for heart disease
114(1)
Personality factors and heart disease
115(1)
Type A personality
115(1)
Type D personality
116(1)
Physiological stress responses associated with heart disease
116(3)
Sympathetic nervous system reactivity
116(1)
Inflammatory processes in heart disease
117(1)
Stress, pathogen burden, and heart disease
118(1)
Obesity, cytokines, and heart disease
119(1)
Before you go...
120(1)
10 Diabetes 121(7)
Type 1 diabetes
122(1)
Type 2 diabetes
122(1)
Stressor influences in relation to the development of Type 2 diabetes
123(3)
Immune factors in Type 2 diabetes
126(1)
Genetic contributions
127(1)
Before you go...
127(1)
11 Stress, Immunity, and Disease 128(10)
Immunity and illness
128(1)
Allergies
129(1)
Infectious illness
130(4)
Stressors influence vulnerability and the course of infectious illness
133(1)
Autoimmune disorders
134(3)
Exacerbation of autoimmune disorders by stressful experiences
137(1)
Before you go...
137(1)
12 Stress and Cancer: Cancer and Stress 138(11)
The cancer process
139(2)
The stress-cancer link
141(3)
Implication for cancer treatment
144(3)
Stress stemming from cancer
145(2)
Treating cancer-related distress
147(1)
Before you go...
148(1)
13 Depressive Illnesses and Cognitive Mistakes 149(22)
What is depression?
150(3)
Depressive subtypes
152(1)
Cognitive theories of depressive disorders
153(3)
Helplessness
153(1)
Hopelessness
154(2)
Depression from an evolutionary perspective
156(2)
Depression from a neurochemical vantage
158(6)
Neurobiological explanations of depressive disorders
158(1)
Serotonin, norepinephrine and dopamine in relation
to depressive disorders
159(1)
Gene and environmental interactions
160(1)
Reward processes in depression: dopamine and anhedonia
161(1)
Depression and anxiety: corticotropin releasing hormone (CRH) as a player in depression
162(1)
Coordination and discoordination of neuronal process: gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)
163(1)
Growth factors and depression
164(1)
Inflammatory processes and depressive disorders
165(4)
Before you go...
169(2)
14 Fretting over Anxiety Disorders 171(8)
A plague of anxiety disorders
172(6)
Generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
172(1)
Panic disorder
173(1)
Obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD)
174(3)
Phobias and social anxiety
177(1)
Before you go...
178(1)
15 Acute Stress Disorder and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder 179(11)
Acute stress disorder
180(1)
Posttraumatic stress disorder
180(4)
Vulnerability and resilience
181(1)
Neuroanatomical underpinnings of PTSD
182(2)
Biochemical determinants of PTSD
184(4)
CRH and corticoids in relation to PTSD-related memories
185(2)
Norepinephrine and serotonin and PTSD-related memories
187(1)
GABA and the extinction of fear responses in PTSD
187(1)
Neuropeptide Y (NPY) and resilience
188(1)
Before you go...
188(2)
16 Addictions and Forbidden Fruits 190(9)
What's an addiction
190(1)
Stress as a provocateur in the addiction process
191(1)
Reward and aversion in relation to addiction: a multistep process
191(4)
Dopamine in relation to stress and reward
192(1)
Corticotropin hormone in relation to stress and addiction
193(2)
Can eating become an addiction?
195(1)
An integrated perspective
195(1)
Treatment for addictions
196(1)
Before you go...
197(2)
17 Coping with Illness, Caregiving, and Loss 199(12)
How might illness come to affect health?
200(1)
Major physical illnesses
201(6)
What patients know and what they need to know
201(1)
Appraising and coping with illness
202(1)
Personal control, decision-making, and trust
203(1)
Social support and unsupportive interactions in the face of illness
204(1)
Mood changes associated with illness
205(1)
Adjustment to chronic illnesses: psychological resilience in the face of illness
206(1)
Stress associated with caregiving
207(1)
Loss and grief
208(1)
Before you go...
209(2)
18 The Workplace for Better or Worse 211(9)
Job-related distress
212(6)
Status and job strain
212(1)
Burnout
212(1)
Absenteeism and presenteeism
212(1)
Bullying in the workplace
213(2)
Social support in the workplace
215(1)
Trust in the workplace
216(1)
Unemployment
216(1)
Time management and juggling
217(1)
Before you go...
218(2)
19 Transmission of Trauma across Generations 220(11)
Traveling across generations
221(1)
Parental stress influences on children
221(1)
Intergenerational effects of trauma: beyond poor parenting
222(4)
Environments modify gene actions
223(1)
The case of epigenetic effects
223(3)
Collective and historic trauma
226(3)
Before you go...
229(2)
20 Stress Reduction through Cognitive and Behavioral Strategies 231(15)
Prelude to dealing with stress
232(1)
Relaxation training
233(1)
Exposure therapy
233(1)
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT)
234(3)
Interpersonal psychotherapy (IPT)
237(1)
Meditation
237(1)
Mindfulness
238(3)
The default mode network
240(1)
Positive psychotherapy (PPT)
241(1)
Giving and receiving
242(1)
The social cure
243(1)
Before you go...
244(2)
21 Drug Remedies to Attenuate Stress and Stress-Related Disorders 246(21)
Something about drug treatments
247(3)
Placebo and nocebo responses
247(2)
Selecting the right treatment and related caveats
249(1)
Treating depression
250(9)
Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs)
250(3)
A cocktail of acronyms: SNRI, NDRI, NaSSA, MAOI
253(3)
Ketamine
256(1)
Deep brain stimulation
257(1)
Anti-inflammatory agents
258(1)
Treating anxiety disorders
259(1)
Treating PTSD
259(3)
Herbal (naturopathic) treatments
262(4)
Before you go...
266(1)
22 Epilogue 267(2)
It's OK to go now...
267(2)
References 269(3)
Index 272
Hymie Anisman is a Professor in the Department of Neuroscience at Carleton University, Ottawa, Canada. He also holds a Canada Research Chair in Neuroscience and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Canada. Professor Anismans research includes the influence of stressors on neurochemical and neuroendocrine systems, and how these influence psychological (anxiety, depression) and physical (immune-related) disorders. He is the author of An Introduction to Stress and Health (2014) and co-editor of Handbook of Psychoneuroimmunology (Wiley, 2014).