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E-grāmata: Tourism, Creativity and Development

Edited by (University of the West of England, Bristol, UK), Edited by (University of the West of England, UK)
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Destinations across the world are beginning to replace or supplement culture-led development strategies with creative development. This book critically analyzes the impact and effectiveness of creative strategies in tourism development and charts the emergence of 'creative tourism'. Why has creativity become such an important aspect of development strategies and of tourism development in particular? Why is this happening now, apparently simultaneously, in so many destinations across the globe? What is the difference between cultural tourism and creative tourism? These are among the important questions this book answers.

It critically examines the developing relationship between tourism and creativity, the articulation of the creative turn in tourism, and the impact this has on theoretical perspectives and practical approaches to tourism development. A wide range of examples from Europe, North America, Asia, Australia and Africa explore the interface between tourism and creativity including: creative spaces and places such as cultural and creative clusters and ethnic precincts; the role of the creative industries and entrepreneurs in the creation of experiences; creativity and rural areas; the 'creative class' and tourism; lifestyle, creativity and tourism and marketing creative tourism destinations. The relationship between individual and collective forms of creativity and the widely differing forms of modern tourism are also discussed. In the concluding section of the book the contribution of creativity to tourism and to development strategies in general is assessed, and areas for future research are outlined.

The diverse multidisciplinary contributions link theory and practice, and demonstrate the strengths and weaknesses of creativity as a tourism development strategy and marketing tool. It is the first exploration of the relationship between tourism and creativity and its consequences for tourism development in different parts of the world.
List of illustrations xiii
Notes on contributors xv
Preface xxi
1 Tourism development trajectories: from culture to creativity? 1
GREG RICHARDS AND JULIE WILSON
PART 1 Space, enclaves and clusters 35
2 Creativity and tourism in rural environments
37
PAUL CLOKE
3 From fantasy city to creative city
48
JOHN HANNIGAN
4 Creative spaces, tourism and the city
57
GRAEME EVANS
5 Tourists, the creative class and distinctive areas in major cities: the roles of visitors and residents in developing new tourism areas
73
ROI3ERT MAITLAND
PART 2 Building creative tourism supply 87
6 Creative tourism supply: creating culturally empathetic destinations
89
RICHARD PRENTICE AND VIVIEN ANDERSEN
7 Tourism quality labels: an incentive for the sustainable development of creative clusters as tourist attractions?
107
WALTER SANTAGATA, ANTONIO PAOLO RUSSO AND GIOVANNA SEGRE
8 Creativity in tourism experiences: the case of Sitges
125
ESTHER BINKHORST
9 Creative Tourism New Zealand: the practical challenges of developing creative tourism
145
CRISPIN RAYMOND
PART 3 Comsuming lifestyles 159
10 Student communities as creative landscapes: evidence from Venice
161
ANTONIO PAOLO RUSSO AND ALBERT ARIAS SANS
11 Amsterdam as a gay tourism destination in the twenty-first century
178
STEPHEN HODES, JACQUES YORK, ROOS GERRITSMA AND KARIN BRAS
12 Ethnic quarters in the cosmopolitan-creative city
189
STEPHEN SHAW
13 Ethnic entrepreneurs, ethnic precincts and tourism: the case of Sydney, Australia
201
JOCK COLLINS AND PATRICK KUNZ
PART 4 Creative industries and tourism 215
14 Economic clustering, tourism and the creative industries in Plymouth: developing a practical tool for impact assessment
217
KEVIN MEETHAN AND JULIAN BEER
15 Creative industries and tourism in the developing world: the example of South Africa
229
CHRISTIAN ROGERSON
16 Creative industries and tourism in Singapore
240
CAN-SENG OOI
CONCLUSIONS 253
17 Creativities in tourism development
255
GREG RICHARDS AND JULIE WILSON
References 289
Index 319


Richards, Greg; Wilson, Julie