| Preface |
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xix | |
| Acknowledgments |
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xxi | |
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1 American Political Culture |
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2 | (36) |
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What Americans Think about Government |
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5 | (4) |
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6 | (3) |
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9 | (1) |
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Citizenship: Knowledge and Participation |
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9 | (3) |
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The Necessity of Political Knowledge |
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10 | (1) |
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11 | (1) |
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12 | (4) |
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12 | (1) |
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13 | (1) |
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14 | (1) |
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Access to Government: The Expansion of Participation |
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14 | (1) |
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Influencing the Government through Participation: Politics |
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15 | (1) |
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16 | (3) |
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Immigration and Ethnic Diversity |
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17 | (1) |
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18 | (1) |
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Who Are Americans? An Increasingly Diverse Nation |
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19 | (5) |
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Twenty-First-Century Americans |
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20 | (2) |
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America Side By Side Global Diversity |
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22 | (2) |
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American Political Culture |
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24 | (7) |
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26 | (1) |
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27 | (3) |
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30 | (1) |
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American Political Cultue and Your Future |
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31 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Who Participated in the 2012 Presidential Election? |
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33 | (1) |
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34 | (2) |
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36 | (1) |
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37 | (1) |
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2 The Founding and the Constitution |
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38 | (36) |
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The First Founding: Interests and Conflicts |
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41 | (4) |
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British Taxes and Colonial Interests |
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41 | (1) |
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Political Strife and the Radicalization of the Colonists |
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42 | (2) |
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The Declaration of Independence |
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44 | (1) |
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The Articles of Confederation |
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44 | (1) |
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The Second Founding: From Compromise to Constitution |
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45 | (4) |
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46 | (1) |
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46 | (1) |
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The Constitutional Convention |
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47 | (2) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Benefits from the Great Compromise? |
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49 | (3) |
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52 | (8) |
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52 | (2) |
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54 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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55 | (1) |
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Amending the Constitution |
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56 | (1) |
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Ratifying the Constitution |
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56 | (1) |
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Constitutional Limits on the National Government's Power |
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56 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Comparing Systems of Government |
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57 | (3) |
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The Fight for Ratification |
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60 | (3) |
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Federalists versus Antifederalists |
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60 | (3) |
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Reflections on the Founding |
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63 | (1) |
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The Citizen's Role and the Changing Constitution |
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63 | (5) |
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Amendments: Many Are Called; Few Are Chosen |
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64 | (1) |
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Which Were Chosen? An Analysis of the 27 |
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65 | (2) |
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The Supreme Court and Constitutional Change |
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67 | (1) |
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The Constitution and Your Future |
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68 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Gained the Right to Vote through Amendments? |
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69 | (1) |
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70 | (2) |
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72 | (1) |
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73 | (1) |
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74 | (38) |
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Federalism in the Constitution |
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77 | (5) |
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The Powers of the National Government |
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77 | (1) |
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The Powers of State Government |
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77 | (2) |
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States' Obligations to One Another |
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79 | (3) |
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Local Government and the Constitution |
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82 | (1) |
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The Changing Relationship between the Federal Government and the States |
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82 | (7) |
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Restraining National Power with Dual Federalism |
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83 | (2) |
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Federalism and the Slow Growth of the National Government's Power |
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85 | (2) |
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The Changing Role of the States |
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87 | (2) |
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Who Does What? Public Spending and the Expanding Federal Framework |
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89 | (7) |
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89 | (1) |
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90 | (1) |
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91 | (1) |
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Regulated Federalism and National Standards |
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92 | (4) |
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New Federalism and State Control |
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96 | (7) |
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America Side By Side Government Spending in Federal and Unitary Systems |
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97 | (1) |
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Devolution: For Whose Benefit? |
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98 | (2) |
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100 | (3) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Benefits from Federal Spending? |
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103 | (3) |
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Federalism and Your Future |
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106 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Participates in State and Local Politics? |
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107 | (1) |
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108 | (2) |
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110 | (1) |
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111 | (1) |
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112 | (40) |
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A Brief History of the Bill of Rights |
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115 | (5) |
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Nationalizing the Bill of Rights |
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116 | (4) |
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The First Amendment and Freedom of Religion |
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120 | (3) |
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Separation between Church and State |
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120 | (2) |
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Free Exercise of Religion |
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122 | (1) |
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The First Amendment and Freedom of Speech and of the Press |
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123 | (8) |
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123 | (2) |
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Fighting Words and Hate Speech |
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125 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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126 | (1) |
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Symbolic Speech, Speech Plus, and the Rights of Assembly and Petition |
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127 | (1) |
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128 | (3) |
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The Second Amendment and the Right to Bear Arms |
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131 | (2) |
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Rights of the Criminally Accused |
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133 | (7) |
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The Fourth Amendment and Searches and Seizures |
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133 | (3) |
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136 | (2) |
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The Sixth Amendment and the Right to Counsel |
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138 | (1) |
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The Eighth Amendment and Cruel and Unusual Punishment |
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139 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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140 | (1) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Is in Prison? |
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141 | (4) |
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142 | (1) |
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143 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Civil Liberties around the World |
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144 | (1) |
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145 | (1) |
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Civil Liberties and Your Future |
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145 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Religious Affiliation and Freedom of Religion |
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147 | (1) |
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148 | (3) |
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151 | (1) |
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151 | (1) |
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152 | (46) |
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The Struggle for Civil Rights |
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155 | (19) |
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Slavery and the Abolitionist Movement |
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156 | (1) |
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The Link to the Women's Rights Movement |
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156 | (1) |
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The Civil War Amendments to the Constitution |
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157 | (1) |
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Civil Rights and the Supreme Court: "Separate but Equal" |
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158 | (1) |
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159 | (1) |
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Litigating for Equality after World War II |
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160 | (2) |
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Civil Rights after Brown v. Board of Education |
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162 | (3) |
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165 | (9) |
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174 | (5) |
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Levels of Scrutiny under the Equal Protection Clause |
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174 | (1) |
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Women and Gender Discrimination |
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175 | (4) |
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Who Are Americans? Have Women Achieved Equal Rights? |
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179 | (10) |
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180 | (3) |
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183 | (2) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (1) |
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185 | (2) |
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Do the Poor Have Civil Rights? |
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187 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Same-Sex Marriage around the World |
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188 | (1) |
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189 | (2) |
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The Supreme Court and the Burden of Proof |
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189 | (2) |
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Civil Rights and Your Future |
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191 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Who Has Fought for Their Rights? |
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193 | (1) |
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194 | (2) |
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196 | (1) |
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196 | (2) |
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198 | (50) |
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201 | (7) |
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203 | (2) |
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205 | (3) |
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How We Form Political Opinions |
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208 | (11) |
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208 | (3) |
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Social Groups and Public Opinion |
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211 | (8) |
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Political Knowledge and Changes in Public Opinion |
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219 | (6) |
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222 | (3) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Thinks Economic Inequality Is a Problem? |
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225 | (1) |
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The Media, Government, and Public Opinion |
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226 | (3) |
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226 | (1) |
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227 | (1) |
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228 | (1) |
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Public Opinion and Government Policy |
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229 | (2) |
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Government Responsiveness to Public Opinion |
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229 | (1) |
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Does Everyone's Opinion Count Equally? |
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230 | (1) |
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231 | (11) |
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America Side By Side Public Opinion on Climate Change |
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232 | (1) |
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Measuring Public Opinion from Surveys |
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233 | (4) |
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Framing Experiments within Surveys |
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237 | (1) |
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238 | (2) |
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Big Data and Measuring Public Opinion |
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240 | (2) |
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Public Opinion, Democracy, and Your Future |
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242 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Expresses Their Political Opinions? |
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243 | (1) |
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244 | (3) |
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247 | (1) |
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247 | (1) |
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248 | (38) |
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251 | (7) |
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251 | (3) |
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254 | (3) |
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257 | (1) |
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New Media and Online News |
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258 | (9) |
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260 | (1) |
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261 | (1) |
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262 | (1) |
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263 | (1) |
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264 | (1) |
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Concerns about Online News |
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265 | (2) |
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267 | (2) |
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Who Are Americans? Where Do Americans Get Their News? |
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269 | (5) |
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How the Media Influence Politics |
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270 | (3) |
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Media and Public Knowledge |
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273 | (1) |
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274 | (3) |
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274 | (1) |
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274 | (1) |
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275 | (2) |
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277 | (3) |
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America Side By Side Press Freedom around the World |
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279 | (1) |
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The Media, Democracy, and Your Future |
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280 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Participates via Social Media? |
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281 | (1) |
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282 | (2) |
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284 | (1) |
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285 | (1) |
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8 Political Participation and Voting |
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286 | (40) |
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Forms of Political Participation |
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289 | (10) |
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Traditional Political Participation |
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289 | (5) |
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America Side By Side Voter Turnout in Comparison |
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294 | (1) |
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Digital Political Participation |
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295 | (4) |
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299 | (11) |
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300 | (1) |
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301 | (2) |
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303 | (2) |
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305 | (1) |
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306 | (1) |
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307 | (1) |
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308 | (2) |
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Political Environment and Participation |
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310 | (4) |
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310 | (2) |
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312 | (1) |
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313 | (1) |
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State Electoral Laws and Participation |
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314 | (3) |
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Registration Requirements |
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314 | (2) |
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316 | (1) |
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Who Are Americans? Which States Make Voting Easier? |
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317 | (2) |
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Voting and Registration Reforms |
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318 | (1) |
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Political Participation and Your Future |
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319 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Who Voted in 2012? |
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321 | (1) |
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322 | (2) |
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324 | (1) |
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325 | (1) |
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326 | (42) |
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What Are Political Parties? |
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329 | (5) |
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How Do Political Parties Form? |
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331 | (1) |
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The United States' Two-Party System |
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332 | (1) |
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What Political Parties Do |
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332 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Two-Party Systems and Multi-Party Systems |
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333 | (1) |
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Parties, Voter Mobilization, and Elections |
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334 | (2) |
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334 | (1) |
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Party Nominations and Primaries |
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335 | (1) |
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General Election and Mobilizing Voters |
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335 | (1) |
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336 | (4) |
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337 | (1) |
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338 | (1) |
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Congressional Campaign Committees |
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339 | (1) |
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State and Local Party Organizations |
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339 | (1) |
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340 | (2) |
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340 | (1) |
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341 | (1) |
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Parties and the President's Policy Agenda |
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342 | (1) |
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342 | (7) |
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Who Are Republicans and Democrats? |
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344 | (4) |
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Recent Trends in Party Affiliation |
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348 | (1) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Identifies with Which Party? |
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349 | (1) |
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350 | (12) |
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The First Party System: Federalists and Jeffersonian Republicans |
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350 | (1) |
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The Second Party System: Democrats and Whigs |
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351 | (1) |
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The Civil War and Post-Civil War Party System: Republicans and Democrats |
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352 | (1) |
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The System of 1896: Republicans and Democrats |
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352 | (1) |
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The New Deal Party System: Reversal of Fortune |
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353 | (1) |
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The Contemporary American Party System |
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353 | (2) |
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Electoral Alignments and Realignments |
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355 | (2) |
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357 | (2) |
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359 | (3) |
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Political Parties and Your Future |
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362 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Votes in Primaries and Caucuses? |
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363 | (1) |
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364 | (2) |
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366 | (1) |
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367 | (1) |
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10 Campaigns and Elections |
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368 | (50) |
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371 | (12) |
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372 | (1) |
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373 | (1) |
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Legislative Elections and Electoral Districts |
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374 | (1) |
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375 | (6) |
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Direct-Democracy Elections |
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381 | (2) |
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383 | (8) |
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383 | (1) |
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384 | (2) |
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386 | (1) |
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386 | (5) |
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391 | (6) |
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The Courts and Campaign Spending |
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392 | (1) |
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Sources of Campaign Funds |
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393 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Campaign Laws in Comparison |
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394 | (3) |
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397 | (3) |
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397 | (1) |
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Issues and Policy Preferences |
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398 | (1) |
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Candidate Characteristics |
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399 | (1) |
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400 | (7) |
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The Presidential Nomination |
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400 | (2) |
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402 | (3) |
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Understanding the 2016 Results |
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405 | (2) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Supported Trump in 2016? |
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407 | (5) |
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Ramifications of the 2016 Election |
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410 | (2) |
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Campaigns, Elections, and Your Future |
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412 | (2) |
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Who Participates? Who Donates to Political Campaigns? |
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413 | (1) |
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414 | (3) |
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417 | (1) |
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417 | (1) |
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418 | (38) |
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421 | (7) |
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Common Types of Interest Groups |
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423 | (2) |
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What Interests Are Not Represented? |
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425 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Labor Union Membership in Global Decline |
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426 | (2) |
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428 | (6) |
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The Internet and Interest Groups |
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431 | (3) |
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The Growth of Interest and Advocacy Groups |
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434 | (2) |
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The Expansion of Government |
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434 | (1) |
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Growth of Public Interest Groups in the 1960s and '70s |
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435 | (1) |
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Interest Group Strategies |
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436 | (11) |
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436 | (5) |
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441 | (1) |
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442 | (1) |
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Mobilizing Public Opinion |
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442 | (3) |
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445 | (2) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Is Represented by PACs? |
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447 | (2) |
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Interest Groups and Your Future |
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449 | (3) |
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Who Participates? How Much Do Major Groups Spend? |
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451 | (1) |
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452 | (2) |
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454 | (1) |
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454 | (2) |
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456 | (48) |
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Congress: Representing the American People |
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459 | (4) |
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House and Senate: Differences in Representation |
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459 | (1) |
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Trustee versus Delegate Representation |
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460 | (1) |
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Sociological versus Agency Representation |
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461 | (2) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Are the Members of Congress? |
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463 | (9) |
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465 | (5) |
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470 | (2) |
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The Organization of Congress |
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472 | (8) |
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Party Leadership in the House |
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473 | (1) |
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Party Leadership in the Senate |
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473 | (1) |
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473 | (5) |
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The Staff System: Staffers and Agencies |
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478 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Legislatures in Comparison |
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479 | (1) |
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Informal Organization: The Caucuses |
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480 | (1) |
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Rules of Lawmaking: How a Bill Becomes a Law |
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480 | (5) |
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480 | (2) |
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482 | (2) |
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Conference Committee: Reconciling House and Senate Versions of Legislation |
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484 | (1) |
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485 | (1) |
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485 | (10) |
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485 | (1) |
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486 | (1) |
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487 | (5) |
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When Congress Can't Decide |
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492 | (3) |
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Beyond Legislation: Other Congressional Powers |
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495 | (2) |
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495 | (1) |
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Advice and Consent: Special Senate Powers |
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496 | (1) |
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496 | (1) |
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497 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Who Elects Congress? |
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499 | (1) |
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500 | (3) |
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503 | (1) |
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503 | (1) |
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504 | (40) |
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Establishing the Presidency |
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507 | (2) |
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The Constitutional Powers of the Presidency |
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509 | (10) |
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510 | (6) |
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516 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Executive Branches in Comparison |
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517 | (1) |
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518 | (1) |
|
Who Are Americans? Who Are America's Presidents? |
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519 | (2) |
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The Presidency as an Institution |
|
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521 | (5) |
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521 | (1) |
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522 | (1) |
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The Executive Office of the President |
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523 | (1) |
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523 | (2) |
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525 | (1) |
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The Contemporary Bases of Presidential Power |
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526 | (11) |
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|
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527 | (2) |
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The Administrative Strategy |
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529 | (6) |
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The Limits of Presidential Power |
|
|
535 | (2) |
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Presidential Power and Your Future |
|
|
537 | (3) |
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Who Participates? Who Voted for Donald Trump in 2016? |
|
|
539 | (1) |
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540 | (2) |
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542 | (1) |
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543 | (1) |
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14 Bureaucracy in a Democracy |
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544 | (40) |
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Bureaucracy and Bureaucrats |
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547 | (9) |
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|
547 | (4) |
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The Size of the Federal Service |
|
|
551 | (1) |
|
The Organization of the Executive Branch |
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552 | (3) |
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America Side By Side Bureaucracy in Comparison |
|
|
555 | (1) |
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Goals of the Federal Bureaucracy |
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|
556 | (10) |
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Promoting the Public Welfare |
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|
556 | (2) |
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Providing National Security |
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558 | (6) |
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Maintaining a Strong Economy |
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564 | (2) |
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Can the Bureaucracy Be Reformed? |
|
|
566 | (1) |
|
Who Are Americans? Who Are "Bureaucrats"? |
|
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567 | (6) |
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568 | (1) |
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569 | (1) |
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570 | (3) |
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573 | (4) |
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The President as Chief Executive |
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573 | (2) |
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575 | (2) |
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Bureaucracy and Your Future |
|
|
577 | (3) |
|
Who Participates? Getting Information from the Bureaucracy |
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579 | (1) |
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580 | (2) |
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582 | (1) |
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583 | (1) |
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|
584 | |
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587 | (5) |
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587 | (1) |
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588 | (4) |
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592 | (5) |
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592 | (1) |
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592 | (2) |
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594 | (1) |
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594 | (3) |
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Who Are Americans? Who Are Federal Judges? |
|
|
597 | (1) |
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The Power of the Supreme Court: Judicial Review |
|
|
598 | (8) |
|
Judicial Review of Acts of Congress |
|
|
598 | (1) |
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Judicial Review of State Actions |
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|
599 | (1) |
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America Side By Side Judicial Review across the Globe |
|
|
600 | (2) |
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Judicial Review of Federal Agency Actions |
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602 | (1) |
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Judicial Review and Presidential Power |
|
|
603 | (1) |
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Judicial Review and Lawmaking |
|
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604 | (2) |
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The Supreme Court in Action |
|
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606 | (9) |
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Controlling the Flow of Cases |
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608 | (2) |
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Lobbying for Access: Interests and the Court |
|
|
610 | (1) |
|
The Supreme Court's Procedures |
|
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611 | (4) |
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Explaining Supreme Court Decisions |
|
|
615 | (5) |
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Influences on Supreme Court Decision Making |
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|
615 | (2) |
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Judicial Power and Politics |
|
|
617 | (3) |
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The Federal Judiciary and Your Future |
|
|
620 | (2) |
|
Who Participates? Influencing the Supreme Court? |
|
|
621 | (1) |
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|
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622 | (2) |
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624 | (1) |
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|
625 | |
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The Declaration of Independence |
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|
1 | (4) |
|
The Articles of Confederation |
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|
5 | (4) |
|
The Constitution of the United States of America |
|
|
9 | (6) |
|
Amendments to the Constitution |
|
|
15 | (6) |
|
|
|
21 | (6) |
|
The Anti-Federalist Papers |
|
|
27 | (6) |
|
Presidents and Vice Presidents |
|
|
33 | (2) |
| Glossary |
|
35 | (10) |
| Endnotes |
|
45 | (36) |
| Answer Key |
|
81 | (2) |
| Credits |
|
83 | (4) |
| Index |
|
87 | |
